{"refrec":{"BRefID":243152,"RR":"<b>Hu, Q.; Zhu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Wang, N.; Chen, S.</b> (2014). Cloning and characterization of wnt4a gene and evidence for positive selectionin half-smooth tongue sole (<i>Cynoglossus semilaevis</i>). <i>NPG Scientific Reports 4(7167)</i>: 9 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07167\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07167</a>","BEntID":234851,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 4(7167)</i>: 9 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07167\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07167</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hu, Q.; Zhu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Wang, N.; Chen, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hu, Q. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<i>Wnt4</i> gene plays a role in developmental processes in mammals. However, little is known regarding its function in teleosts. We cloned and characterized the full-length half-smooth tongue sole (<i>Cynoglossus semilaevis</i>) <i>wnt4a</i> gene (<i>CS-wnt4a</i>). <i>CS-wnt4a</i> cDNA was 1746 bp in length encoding 353aa. <i>CS-wnt4a</i> expression level was highest in the testis, and gradually increased in the developing gonads until 1 year of age. <i>In situ</i> hybridization revealed that <i>CS-wnt4a</i> expression level was highest in stage II oocytes and sperm in the adult ovary and testis, respectively. <i>CS-wnt4a</i> expression level was significantly up-regulated in the gonads after exposure to high temperature. The level of methylation of the <i>CS-wnt4a</i> first exon was negatively correlated with the expression of <i>CS-wnt4a</i>. The branch-site model suggested that vertebrate <i>wnt4a</i> differed significantly from that of <i>wnt4b</i>, and that the selective pressures differed between ancestral aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Two positively selected sites were found in the ancestral lineages of teleost fish, but none in the ancestral lineages of mammals. One positively selected site was located on the a-helices of the 3D structure, the other on the random coil. Our results are of value for further study of the function of wnt4 and the mechanism of selection.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Cloning and characterization of wnt4a gene and evidence for positive selectionin half-smooth tongue sole (<i>Cynoglossus semilaevis</i>)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-23 01:31:33.883323","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2014,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2014-11-26","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000346183900010","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/srep07167"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":243152,"PubliDate":2014,"Pagination":"9 pp","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"4","Issue":"7167","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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