{"refrec":{"BRefID":243505,"RR":"<b>Sotillo, A.; Depestele, J.; Courtens, W.; Vincx, M.; Stienen, E.W.M.</b> (2014). Consumption of discards by Herring Gulls <i>Larus argentatus</i> and Lesser Black-backed Gulls <i>Larus fuscus</i> off the Belgian coast in the breeding season. <i>Ardea 102(2)</i>: 195-205. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9</a>","BEntID":235204,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Ardea 102(2)</i>: 195-205. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sotillo, A.; Depestele, J.; Courtens, W.; Vincx, M.; Stienen, E.W.M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sotillo, A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Fishery discards in the Belgian part of the North Sea are a source of food for Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Lesser Black-backed Gulls <i>L. fuscus</i>. To understand the importance of discards for local L. argentatus and <i>L. fuscus</i> populations, single-item discard experiments were performed at four offshore distances from the gullery of the Port of Zeebrugge, at four different stages of the breeding season (May to August 2011). We compared flock composition during discarding with the distribution of Herring and Lesser Black-backed Gulls, with respect to offshore distance from the colony as reflected by an 11-year (2002–2013) dataset of standardised ship-based surveys. Consumption of discards depended on the type of fish that was discarded, but prey selectivity by adults was reduced during the chick rearing stage. A generalised linear mixed model identified the number of scavengers following the vessel, the proportion of adults and of Herring Gulls in the flock and the frequency of food robbery events interacting with the stage of the breeding season as affecting the variation in flatfish consumption. Shifts in scavenger flock composition and discard consumption between stages of the breeding season are likely linked to variation in food requirements of the gull population along the season and to dispersal patterns towards the end of summer. Nutrient requirements of breeding adults peak during the chick rearing stage, making this a key period in terms of dependence of the breeding parents on discarded fish as food source.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Consumption of discards by Herring Gulls <i>Larus argentatus</i> and Lesser Black-backed Gulls <i>Larus fuscus</i> off the Belgian coast in the breeding season","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2025-07-02 08:33:14.980000","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+00:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Discards; Scavenging gulls; Flock composition","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2014,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2017-03-27","DateCreate":"2014-12-11","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000346536800009","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":243505,"PubliDate":2014,"Pagination":"195-205","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"102","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45416,"SerRR":"Ardea. Nederlandse Ornithologische Unie: Arnhem & Leiden.  ISSN 0373-2266; e-ISSN 2213-1175","StandardTitleSer":"Ardea","ISSN":"0373-2266","AbbrevSer":"Ardea","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":195,"Pages":11,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Sotillo","Firstname":"Alejandro","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"Marine Biology Section – Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":235204,"AutID":190421,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MARBIOL","InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Wetenschappen; Vakgroep Biologie; Onderzoeksgroep Mariene Biologie","ORCID":"0000-0002-2963-191X","PersID":27701,"InsID":13},{"AutName":"Depestele","Firstname":"Jochen","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":"ILVO – Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":235204,"AutID":190422,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"ILVO","InsFSN":"Instituut voor Landbouw-, Visserij- en Voedingsonderzoek","ORCID":"0000-0001-7554-553X","PersID":9285,"InsID":5442},{"AutName":"Courtens","Firstname":"Wouter","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":"INBO – Research Institute for Nature and Forestry","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":235204,"AutID":190423,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"INBO","InsFSN":"Vlaamse overheid; Beleidsdomein Omgeving; Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek","ORCID":null,"PersID":7009,"InsID":5443},{"AutName":"Vincx","Firstname":"Magda","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":"Marine Biology Section – Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":235204,"AutID":190424,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MARBIOL","InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Wetenschappen; Vakgroep Biologie; Onderzoeksgroep Mariene Biologie","ORCID":null,"PersID":19,"InsID":13},{"AutName":"Stienen","Firstname":"Eric","Initials":"E.W.M.","Affiliation":"INBO – Research Institute for Nature and Forestry","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":235204,"AutID":190425,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"INBO","InsFSN":"Vlaamse overheid; Beleidsdomein Omgeving; Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek","ORCID":"0000-0002-4315-0936","PersID":1281,"InsID":5443}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":267031,"LibID":36,"BRefID":243505,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"267031","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open Marien Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":235,"Classification":"Open Marine Archive","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":5,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":0,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OMA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nederlandse Ornithologische Unie","City":"Arnhem & Leiden"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ANE, North Sea","ThestID":182108,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTermPath":"ANE, North Sea"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fisheries","ThestID":3215,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Fisheries"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ANE, North Sea"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fisheries"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763"},{"TaxTerm":"Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758"}],"geotermsASFA":[{"GeoTerm":"North Sea"}],"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"},{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"923":{"SpName":"Lifewatch acknowledged","SpColID":923,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"Lifewatch ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"Lifewatch ackn"},"896":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Observatory","SpColID":896,"ParSpColID":923,"TopParID":923,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Observatory","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":923,"SpColPath":"Lifewatch ackn/LifeWatch Observatory"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"},"422":{"SpName":"Section Marine Biology","SpColID":422,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"MarBiol","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"MarBiol"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"},"103":{"SpName":"Zeeleeuw acknowledged","SpColID":103,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"zeeleeuw","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/zeeleeuw"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":235204,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":235204,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9","externalID":"10.5253/arde.v102i2.a9","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":54438,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ANE, North Sea","ThestID":182108,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fisheries","ThestID":3215,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763 [Herring gull]","AphiaID":137138,"TaxtID":16535},{"TaxTerm":"Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758 [Lesser black-backed gull]","AphiaID":137142,"TaxtID":16539}],"geoterms":[{"GeoTerm":"North Sea","GeoObjectID":2350,"GeotID":390}],"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"ANE, North Sea","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":182108,"Acronym":"ASFA_GEOT","ThesTypID":34,"ThesType":"ASFA Geoterms"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fisheries","DutchTerm":"Visserij","ThestID":3215,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTypID":1,"ThesType":"ASFA Thesaurus List"}],"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763","DutchTerm":"Zilvermeeuw","AphiaID":137138,"TaxtID":16535},{"TaxTerm":"Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758","DutchTerm":"Kleine mantelmeeuw","AphiaID":137142,"TaxtID":16539}],"geotermsFRIS":[{"GeoTerm":"North Sea","DutchTerm":"Noordzee"}],"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2014-12-11 08:34:00.977000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2017-03-27 09:21:27.183000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}