{"refrec":{"BRefID":243937,"RR":"<b>Bongaerts, P.; Frade, P.R.; Hay, K.B.; Englebert, N.; Latijnhouwers, K.R.W.; Bak, R.P.M.; Vermeij, M.J.A.; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.</b> (2015). Deep down on a Caribbean reef: lower mesophotic depths harbor a specialized coral-endosymbiont community. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 5(7652)</i>: 9 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07652\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07652</a>","BEntID":235636,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 5(7652)</i>: 9 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07652\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07652</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Bongaerts, P.; Frade, P.R.; Hay, K.B.; Englebert, N.; Latijnhouwers, K.R.W.; Bak, R.P.M.; Vermeij, M.J.A.; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Bongaerts, P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The composition, ecology and environmental conditions of mesophotic coral ecosystems near the lower limits of their bathymetric distributions remain poorly understood. Here we provide the first in-depth assessment of a lower mesophotic coral community (60–100 m) in the Southern Caribbean through visual submersible surveys, genotyping of coral host-endosymbiont assemblages, temperature monitoring and a growth experiment. The lower mesophotic zone harbored a specialized coral community consisting of predominantly <i>Agaricia grahamae</i>, <i>Agaricia undata</i> and a “deep-water” lineage of <i>Madracis pharensis</i>, with large colonies of these species observed close to their lower distribution limit of ~90 m depth. All three species associated with “deep-specialist” photosynthetic endosymbionts (<i>Symbiodinium</i>). Fragments of <i>A. grahamae</i> exhibited growth rates at 60 m similar to those observed for shallow <i>Agaricia</i> colonies (~2–3 cm yr<sup>-1</sup>), but showed bleaching and (partial) mortality when transplanted to 100 m. We propose that the strong reduction of temperature over depth (<span class=\"mb\">?</span>5°C from 40 to 100 m depth) may play an important contributing role in determining lower depth limits of mesophotic coral communities in this region. Rather than a marginal extension of the reef slope, the lower mesophotic represents a specialized community, and as such warrants specific consideration from science and management.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Deep down on a Caribbean reef: lower mesophotic depths harbor a specialized coral-endosymbiont community","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-18 01:31:40.580475","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2015,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2016-02-16","DateCreate":"2015-01-16","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000347796900003","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/srep07652"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":243937,"PubliDate":2015,"Pagination":"9 pp","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"5","Issue":"7652","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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