{"refrec":{"BRefID":248967,"RR":"<b>Ou, Q.; Xiao, S.; Han, J.; Sun, G.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, Z.; Shu, D.</b> (2015). A vanished history of skeletonization in Cambrian comb jellies. <i>Science Advances 1(6)</i>: 8 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500092\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500092</a>","BEntID":240672,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Science Advances 1(6)</i>: 8 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500092\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500092</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Ou, Q.; Xiao, S.; Han, J.; Sun, G.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, Z.; Shu, D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Ou, Q. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Ctenophores are traditionally regarded as “lower” metazoans, sharing with cnidarians a diploblastic grade of organization. Unlike cnidarians, where skeletonization (biomineralization and sclerotization) evolved repeatedly among ecologically important taxa (for example, scleractinians and octocorals), living ctenophores are characteristically soft-bodied animals. We report six sclerotized and armored ctenophores from the early Cambrian period. They have diagnostic ctenophore features (for example, an octamerous symmetry, oral-aboral axis, aboral sense organ, and octaradially arranged ctene rows). Unlike most modern counterparts, however, they lack tentacles, have a sclerotized framework, and have eight pairs of ctene rows. They are resolved as a monophyletic group (Scleroctenophora new class) within the ctenophores. This clade reveals a cryptic history and sheds new light on the early evolution of this basal animal phylum. Skeletonization also occurs in some other Cambrian animal groups whose extant members are exclusively soft-bodied, suggesting the ecological importance of skeletonization in the Cambrian explosion.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"A vanished history of skeletonization in Cambrian comb jellies","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2015,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2016-05-12","DateCreate":"2015-07-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000216595400008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1126/sciadv.1500092"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":248967,"PubliDate":2015,"Pagination":"8 pp","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"1","Issue":"6","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":248966,"SerRR":"Science Advances. 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