{"refrec":{"BRefID":251870,"RR":"<b>Collos, Y.; Bec, B.; Jauzein, C.; Abadie, E.; Laugier, T.; Lautier, J.; Pastoureaud, A.; Souchu, P.; Vaquer, A.</b> (2009). Oligotrophication and emergence of picocyanobacteria and a toxic dinoflagellate in Thau lagoon, southern France. <i>J. Sea Res. 61(1-2)</i>: 68-75. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2008.05.008\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2008.05.008</a>","BEntID":243567,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Sea Res. 61(1-2)</i>: 68-75. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2008.05.008\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2008.05.008</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Collos, Y.; Bec, B.; Jauzein, C.; Abadie, E.; Laugier, T.; Lautier, J.; Pastoureaud, A.; Souchu, P.; Vaquer, A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Collos, Y. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Time series data have been examined in Thau lagoon (Southern France) from 1972 to 2006 for water temperature, salinity, nutrients and from 1987 to 2006 for phytoplankton. A first main trend identified is an increase in mean annual water temperature (1.5 °C over 33 years or 0.045 °C/year) that was not evenly distributed among seasons. The highest rate of increase was in the spring (+ 3.0 °C over 33 years), followed by summer (+ 2.0 °C) and fall (+ 1.7 °C). In winter, no significant increase over the 33 year period could be found. A second clear trend is a large decrease in soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration over the same 33 year period (summer values decreased from 10 µM to 1 µM, while winter values decreased from 3 µM to undetectable at present). Nitrate concentrations depended mainly on rainfall events and watershed runoff. Ammonium data were too fragmentary to be useful. N/P ratios expressed the traditional way of DIN/SRP cannot be used for phytoplankton that are not strict autotrophs. The recent and almost simultaneous appearance of both picocyanobacteria (mostly <em>Synechococcus</em>) and the toxic dinoflagellate <em>Alexandrium catenella</em> in Thau seem to be related to reduced nutrient loading and the increase in water temperature. <em>A. catenella</em> blooms occur either in the spring or the fall when water temperature is near 20 °C and remains so for several weeks with winds speeds below 2–3 m s<sup>− 1</sup>. Picocyanobacterial growth is stimulated by increased summer temperatures, and lowered SRP levels provide picocyanobacteria an ecological advantage over other phytoplankton classes, in particular diatoms such as <em>Skeletonema costatum</em> whose cell densities have decreased over the last 8 years in summer and fall, but not in winter. An hypothesis is presented according to which <em>A. catenella</em> is not stimulated by increased temperatures, but is able to use picocyanobacteria for growth, and this provides this organism an additional resource over other strictly autotrophic phytoplankton. On a more general level, our data do not support the hypothesis that increased nutrient loading leads to harmful blooms of dinoflagellates. Instead, a combination of habitat disturbance and species displacement seems to lead to such blooms.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Oligotrophication and emergence of picocyanobacteria and a toxic dinoflagellate in Thau lagoon, southern France","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-19 01:31:40.030175","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Long term variability; Oligotrophication; Picocyanobacteria; ","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2009,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-06-23","DateCreate":"2015-12-10","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000263197000009","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.seares.2008.05.008"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":251870,"PubliDate":2009,"Pagination":"68-75","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"61","Issue":"1-2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43261,"SerRR":"Journal of Sea Research. 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