{"refrec":{"BRefID":256120,"RR":"<b>Greene, M.P.; Hamilton, M.G.; Botton, M.L.</b> (2011). Physiological responses of horseshoe crab (<i>Limulus polyphemus</i>) embryos to osmotic stress and a possible role for stress proteins (HSPs). <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 158(8)</i>: 1691-1698. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1682-y\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1682-y</a>","BEntID":248129,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 158(8)</i>: 1691-1698. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1682-y\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1682-y</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Greene, M.P.; Hamilton, M.G.; Botton, M.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Greene, M.P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We tested the effects of osmotic stress on survival, developmental rate, and level of HSPs on American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) embryos. Animals were maintained in the laboratory at an ambient salinity of 20 ppt and then exposed to 4-h osmotic shocks at salinities of 10, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppt, with a control group at 20 ppt. Horseshoe crab embryos had 100% developmental success (defined as individuals reaching the first instar or trilobite larval stage) at all salinities. However, osmotic stresses, especially hyperosmotic conditions, slowed the rate of development. Embryos subjected to osmotic stress showed higher levels of HSP70 and HSP90 than control animals kept at a salinity of 20 ppt. HSPs are of value to horseshoe crab embryos in surviving the fluctuating salinities that are typical of estuarine beach habitats.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Physiological responses of horseshoe crab (<i>Limulus polyphemus</i>) embryos to osmotic stress and a possible role for stress proteins (HSPs)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-15 01:32:50.925339","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2011,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2016-05-19","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000293001400002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/s00227-011-1682-y"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":256120,"PubliDate":2011,"Pagination":"1691-1698","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"158","Issue":"8","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43352,"SerRR":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters. Springer: Heidelberg; Berlin.  ISSN 0025-3162; e-ISSN 1432-1793","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters","ISSN":"0025-3162","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Biol. 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