{"refrec":{"BRefID":256714,"RR":"<b>Aoyama, M.; Hamajima, Y.; Hult, M.; Uematsu, M.; Oka, E.; Tsumune, D.; Kumamoto, Y.</b> (2016). <sup>134</sup>Cs and <sup>137</sup>Cs in the North Pacific Ocean derived from the March 2011 TEPCO Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, Japan. Part one: surface pathway and vertical distributions. <i>J. Oceanogr. 72(1)</i>: 53-65. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0335-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0335-z</a>","BEntID":248723,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Oceanogr. 72(1)</i>: 53-65. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0335-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0335-z</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Aoyama, M.; Hamajima, Y.; Hult, M.; Uematsu, M.; Oka, E.; Tsumune, D.; Kumamoto, Y.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Aoyama, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Activities of radiocaesium released by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP1) accident were measured by surface sampling at 408 stations and in vertical profiles at 24 stations in the North Pacific Ocean, and time-series samples were collected at two coastal stations. After July 2012, <sup>137</sup>Cs activity in the surface water near FNPP1 remained around 1000 Bq m<sup>-3</sup>, which corresponds to a discharge rate of about 10 GBq day<sup>-1</sup>. FNPP1-derived radiocaesium spread eastward in surface water across the mid-latitude North Pacific with a speed of 7 km day<sup>-1</sup> (8 cm s<sup>-1</sup>) until March 2012, and of 3 km day<sup>-1</sup> (3.5 cm s<sup>-1</sup>) from March 2012 through August 2014. In June 2012, <sup>134</sup>Cs activity reached a maximum of 6.12 ± 0.50 Bq m<sup>-3</sup> at a 151-m depth (potential density, <i>s</i> <sub> <i>?</i> </sub> = 25.3 kg m<sup>-3</sup>) at 29°N, 165°E. This subsurface maximum, which was also observed along 149°E, might reflect the southward transport of FNPP1-derived radiocaesium in association with the formation and subduction of subtropical mode water (STMW). In June 2012 at 34°N–39°N along 165°E, <sup>134</sup>Cs activity showed a maximum at around <i>s</i> <sub> <i>?</i> </sub> = 26.3 kg m<sup>-3</sup>, which corresponds to central mode water (CMW). <sup>134</sup>Cs activity was higher in CMW than in any of the surrounding waters, including STMW. These observations also indicate that the most effective pathway by which FNPP1-derived radiocaesium is introduced into the ocean interior on a 1-year time scale is CMW formation and subduction.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"<sup>134</sup>Cs and <sup>137</sup>Cs in the North Pacific Ocean derived from the March 2011 TEPCO Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, Japan. Part one: surface pathway and vertical distributions","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:32:52.928458","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident; Radiocaesium; Surfacepathway; Subduction; Subtropical mode water; Central mode water;Inventory","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2016,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-08-28","DateCreate":"2016-05-29","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000368707900005","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/s10872-015-0335-z"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":256714,"PubliDate":2016,"Pagination":"53-65","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"72","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43100,"SerRR":"Journal of Oceanography. Springer: Tokyo; London; Dordrecht; Boston.  ISSN 0916-8370; e-ISSN 1573-868X","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Oceanography","ISSN":"0916-8370","AbbrevSer":"J. 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