{"refrec":{"BRefID":259050,"RR":"<b>Rahav, E.; Giannetto, M.J.; Bar-Zeev, E.</b> (2016). Contribution of mono and polysaccharides to heterotrophic N<sub>2</sub> fixation at the Eastern Mediterranean coastline. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 6(27858)</i>: 11 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27858\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27858</a>","BEntID":251059,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 6(27858)</i>: 11 pp. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27858\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27858</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Rahav, E.; Giannetto, M.J.; Bar-Zeev, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Rahav, E. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"N<sub>2</sub> fixation should be a critical process in the nitrogen-poor surface water of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Despite favorable conditions, diazotroph abundance and N<sub>2</sub> fixation rates remains low for reasons yet explained. The main goal of this study was to investigate the limiting nutrients for diazotrophy in this oligotrophic environment. Hence, we conducted dedicated bottle-microcosms with eastern Mediterranean Sea water that were supplemented with mono and polysaccharides as well as inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous. Our results indicate that the diazotrophic community expressing <i>nifH</i> was primarily represented by heterotrophic Proteobacteria. N<sub>2</sub> fixation and heterotrophic bacterial activity increased up-to tenfold following two days of dark incubations, once seawater was supplemented with organic carbon substrate in the form of glucose (monosaccharides) or gum-xanthan (polysaccharide surrogate). Furthermore, our results point that carbon-rich polysaccharides, such as transparent exopolymer particles, enhance heterotrophic N<sub>2</sub> fixation, by forming microenvironments of intense metabolic activity, high carbon: nitrogen ratio, and possibly low O<sub>2</sub> levels. The conclusions of this study indicate that diazotrophs in the eastern Mediterranean coast are primarily limited by organic carbon substrates, as possibly in many other marine regions.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Contribution of mono and polysaccharides to heterotrophic N<sub>2</sub> fixation at the Eastern Mediterranean coastline","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-15 01:32:53.159914","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2016,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2016-06-16","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000378028500001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/srep27858"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":259050,"PubliDate":2016,"Pagination":"11 pp","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"6","Issue":"27858","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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ISSN 2045-2322; e-ISSN 2045-2322","StandardTitleSer":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group)","ISSN":"2045-2322","AbbrevSer":"NPG Scientific Reports","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Rahav","Firstname":"Eyal","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":"Natl Inst Oceanog, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, IL-8030 Haifa, Israel.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":251059,"AutID":299041,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Giannetto","Firstname":null,"Initials":"M.J.","Affiliation":"Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":251059,"AutID":299042,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bar-Zeev","Firstname":null,"Initials":"E.","Affiliation":"Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Sede Boqer Campus, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":251059,"AutID":299043,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":292206,"LibID":36,"BRefID":259050,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"292206","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":251059,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":251059,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27858","externalID":"10.1038/srep27858","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":48538,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2016-06-16 09:13:59.967000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","updSesDate":{"date":"2018-02-13 19:34:46.407000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}