{"refrec":{"BRefID":260458,"RR":"<b>Shamsi, S.; Gasser, R.; Beveridge, I.</b> (2013). Description and genetic characterisation of <i>Hysterothylacium</i> (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) larvae parasitic in Australian marine fishes. <i>Parasitol. Int. 62(3)</i>: 320-328. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2012.10.001\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2012.10.001</a>","BEntID":252476,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Parasitol. Int. 62(3)</i>: 320-328. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2012.10.001\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2012.10.001</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Shamsi, S.; Gasser, R.; Beveridge, I.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Shamsi, S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Nematodes belonging to the genus <i>Hysterothylacium</i> (family Raphidascarididae) infect various species of marine fish in both the larval and adult stages. Humans can be accidentally infected upon eating infected seafood. In spite of their importance, relatively little is known of their occurrence and systematics in Australia. An examination of various species of marine teleosts in Australian waters revealed a high prevalence of <i>Hysterothylacium</i> larval types. In the present study, seven previously undescribed <i>Hysterothylacium</i> larval morphotypes (V to VII and IX to XII) were discovered. In total we found 10 different morphotypes and we genetically characterised nine morphotypes identified. A morphological dichotomous identification key has been established to differentiate these morphotypes. Since some larvae of <i>Hysterothylacium</i> from marine fishes cannot be differentiated morphologically from other nematode larvae, such as <i>Paraheterotyphlum</i>, <i>Heterotyphlum</i>, <i>Iheringascaris</i> and <i>Lapetascaris</i>, the first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of these larvae were characterised to confirm their taxonomic status. This genetic characterisation implied that some distinct morphotypes belong to different developmental stages of the same species. In addition, it revealed that some morphotypes can comprise distinct genotypes. No match was found between ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences obtained from larvae in the present study and those from adults available in the GenBank, highlighting the lack of knowledge on occurrence of adult nematodes infecting Australian fish.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Description and genetic characterisation of <i>Hysterothylacium</i> (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) larvae parasitic in Australian marine fishes","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-07 01:31:26.695633","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"    Fish; Parasitic nematodes; Hysterothylacium; Larval types; First and second internal transcribed spacers; Nuclear ribosomal DNA","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2013,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2016-07-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000318752400014","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.parint.2012.10.001"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":260458,"PubliDate":2013,"Pagination":"320-328","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"62","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":183684,"SerRR":"Parasitology International. Elsevier: Amsterdam.  ISSN 1383-5769; e-ISSN 1873-0329","StandardTitleSer":"Parasitology International","ISSN":"1383-5769","AbbrevSer":"Parasitol. 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