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This review provides a comprehensive list of locations in the world where the accumulation of phytodetritus has been observed on the sea floor. The microscopic and chemical composition of phytodetritus sampled from the sea floor at shallow to abyssal depths is also summarised. In addition, this review provides an overview of the mechanisms leading to mass sinking events, rates of accumulation of fluff layers, the impact of phytodetritus on fluxes of dissolved and particulate matter at the sediment/water interface, and the fate of phytodetritus on the sea floor. 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