{"refrec":{"BRefID":280761,"RR":"<b>Shanmugam, S.K.; Kumar, Y.; Yar, K.M.S.; Gupta, V.; De Clercq, E.</b> (2010). Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of <i>Turbinaria conoides</i> (J.Agardh) Kuetz. <i>Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 9(4)</i>: 411-416","BEntID":272780,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 9(4)</i>: 411-416","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Shanmugam, S.K.; Kumar, Y.; Yar, K.M.S.; Gupta, V.; De Clercq, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Shanmugam, S.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Brown alga, <i>Turbinaria conoides</i> was successively extracted with <i>n</i>-hexane, cyclohexane, methanol and ethanol:water (1:1). The extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities by disc diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentration was determined for active extracts by broth dilution method. The antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts were tested in human embryonic lung (HEL) cells (herpes simplex virus-1, herpes simplex virus-2, vaccinia virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and herpes simplex virus-1 TK- KOS ACVr), human epithelial (HeLa) cells (vesicular stomatitis virus and coxsackie virus B4) and Vero cells (parainfluenza-3 virus, reovirus-1, sindbis virus coxsackie virus B4 and puntatoro virus). The results revealed that extracts exhibited cytotoxicity ranged from 20 to >100 μg/mL. Moderate activity was demonstrated by <i>n</i>-hexane and cyclohexane extracts against viruses, whereas methanol and ethanol:water (1:1) extracts were not active. Ethanol:water (1:1) presented neither antibacterial nor antifungal activity against tested organisms. Cyclohexane extract possessed a broad array of antibacterial activity and exhibited remarkable antifungal property. It is noteworthy that minimal inhibitory concentration of cyclohexane extract against <i>Aspergillus niger</i> is comparable with that of clotrimazole. This potentiality demonstrates that it could be used to treat bacterial and fungal infections.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of <i>Turbinaria conoides</i> (J.Agardh) Kuetz","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Brown alga; Turbinaria conoides; Antibacterial; Antifungal; Antiviral;Cytotoxicity","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2016-10-19","DateCreate":"2016-10-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000285650600011","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":280761,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"411-416","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"9","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":270820,"SerRR":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research: Tehran.  ISSN 1735-0328; e-ISSN 1726-6890","StandardTitleSer":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","ISSN":"1735-0328","AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":411,"Pages":6,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Shanmugam","Firstname":"Sadish","Initials":"S.K.","Affiliation":"ITS Paramed Coll Pharma, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272780,"AutID":241059,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kumar","Firstname":"Yatendra","Initials":"Y.","Affiliation":"ITS Paramed Coll Pharma, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272780,"AutID":241060,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Yar","Firstname":"Khan","Initials":"K.M.S.","Affiliation":"Jamia Hamdard, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, New Delhi, India.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272780,"AutID":241061,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Gupta","Firstname":"Vivek","Initials":"V.","Affiliation":"ITS Paramed Coll Pharma, Dept Pharmaceut, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272780,"AutID":241062,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"De Clercq","Firstname":"Erik","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":"Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272780,"AutID":243065,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Rega-instituut","ORCID":null,"PersID":412,"InsID":1567}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":null,"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":null,"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Turbinaria conoides"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":272780,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":272780,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":null,"thesterms":null,"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Turbinaria conoides","AphiaID":221476,"TaxtID":42844}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Turbinaria conoides","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":221476,"TaxtID":42844}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","newSesDate":{"date":"2016-10-09 21:07:26.660000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2016-10-19 08:57:44.917000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}