{"refrec":{"BRefID":280777,"RR":"<b>Sekii, K.; Salvenmoser, W.; De Mulder, K.; Scharer, L.; Ladurner, P.</b> (2009). <i>Melav2</i>, an <i>elav</i>-like gene, is essential for spermatid differentiation in the flatworm <i>Macrostomum lignano</i>. <i>Bmc Developmental Biology 9</i>. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-9-62\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-9-62</a>","BEntID":272796,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Bmc Developmental Biology 9</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-9-62\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-9-62</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sekii, K.; Salvenmoser, W.; De Mulder, K.; Scharer, L.; Ladurner, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sekii, K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"BackgroundFailure of sperm differentiation is one of the major causes of male sterility. During spermiogenesis, spermatids undergo a complex metamorphosis, including chromatin condensation and cell elongation. Although the resulting sperm morphology and property can vary depending on the species, these processes are fundamental in many organisms. Studying genes involved in such processes can thus provide important information for a better understanding of spermatogenesis, which might be universally applied to many other organisms.ResultsIn a screen for genes that have gonad-specific expression we isolated an <i>elav</i>-like gene, <i>melav2</i>, from <i>Macrostomum lignano</i>, containing the three RNA recognition motifs characteristic of <i>elav</i>-like genes. We found that <i>melav2</i> mRNA was expressed exclusively in the testis, as opposed to the known <i>elav</i> genes, which are expressed in the nervous system. The RNAi phenotype of <i>melav2</i> was characterized by an aberrant spermatid morphology, where sperm elongation often failed, and an empty seminal vesicle. <i>Melav2</i> RNAi treated worms were thus male-sterile. Further analysis revealed that in <i>melav2</i> RNAi treated worms precocious chromatin condensation occurred during spermatid differentiation, resulting in an abnormally tightly condensed chromatin and large vacuoles in round spermatids. In addition, immunostaining using an early-spermatid specific antibody revealed that <i>melav2</i> RNAi treated worms had a larger amount of signal positive cells, suggesting that many cells failed the transition from early spermatid stage.ConclusionWe characterize a new function for <i>elav</i>-like genes, showing that <i>melav2</i> plays a crucial role during spermatid differentiation, especially in the regulation of chromatin condensation and/or cell elongation.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"<i>Melav2</i>, an <i>elav</i>-like gene, is essential for spermatid differentiation in the flatworm <i>Macrostomum lignano</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2009,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2016-10-19","DateCreate":"2016-10-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000272981900001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1186/1471-213X-9-62"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":280777,"PubliDate":2009,"Pagination":null,"XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"9","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":264673,"SerRR":"Bmc Developmental Biology. BIOMED CENTRAL LTD: London.  ISSN 1471-213X","StandardTitleSer":"Bmc Developmental Biology","ISSN":"1471-213X","AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Sekii","Firstname":"Kiyono","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":"Univ Basel, Inst Zool, Dept Evolutionary Biol, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272796,"AutID":241137,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Salvenmoser","Firstname":"Willi","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272796,"AutID":21309,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"De Mulder","Firstname":"Katrien","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":"Univ Innsbruck, Inst Zool, Dept Ultrastruct Res & Evolutionary Biol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272796,"AutID":241139,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":30204,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Scharer","Firstname":"Lukas","Initials":"L.","Affiliation":"Univ Basel, Inst Zool, Dept Evolutionary Biol, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272796,"AutID":241140,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Ladurner","Firstname":"Peter","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":"Univ Innsbruck, Inst Zool, Dept Ultrastruct Res & Evolutionary Biol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":272796,"AutID":241141,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":296004,"LibID":36,"BRefID":280777,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"296004","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"BIOMED CENTRAL LTD","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - 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