{"refrec":{"BRefID":283970,"RR":"<b>Simpson, T.L.</b> (1968). The structure and function of sponge cells: New criteria for the taxonomy of poecilosclerid sponges (Demospongiae). <i>Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History</i>, 25. Peabody Museum of Natural History: New Haven.  141 pp.","BEntID":275989,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History</i>, 25. Peabody Museum of Natural History: New Haven.  141 pp.","DocTypID":5,"DocType":"Book/Monograph","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Simpson, T.L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Simpson, T.L.","Englishabstract":"The skeletal morphology, histology, cytology, and cytochemistry of fifteen species of marine poecilosclerid sponges have been investigated. The following sponges were studied: Microciona prolifera, Microciona atrasanguinea, Microciona spinosa, Microciona seriata, Microciona pennata, Plocamilla illgi, Thalysias juniperina, Thalysias schoenus, Axocielita hartmani, Clathria sp., Rhaphidophlus cervicornis, Tedania ignis, Tedania suctoria, Lissodendoryx isodictyalis, Lissodendoryx carolinensis. A comparison of the skeletal morphology of these sponges with histological and cytological characteristics has resulted in the conclusion that the employment of only skeletal characteristics for species, genus, and family placement is misleading in determining the taxonomic relationship of these sponges, and that genera must be defined on the basis of cytological characters. The cytological characteristics which have been found to be of importance for this purpose comprise what have been termed here, Special Cell Types. These lack detectable RNA and mitosis and at least one of them in any particular species contains large amounts of acid mucopolysaccharide. The clathriid sponges studied have shown that there are at least two taxonomic lines within the family Clathriidae. One of these, the Microciona line, appears to be a highly specialized one which has arisen from within the family. The Thalysias line shows a greater similarity to two genera (Tedania and Lissodendoryx) in the family Tedaniidae than does the Microciona line. 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