{"refrec":{"BRefID":284074,"RR":"<b>De Wit, P.; Dupont, S.; Thorne, P.</b> (2015). Selection on oxidative phosphorylation and ribosomal structure as a multigenerational response to ocean acidification in the common copepod <i>Pseudocalanus acuspes</i>. <i>Evol. Appl. 9(9)</i>: 1112-1123. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12335\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12335</a>","BEntID":276097,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Evol. Appl. 9(9)</i>: 1112-1123. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12335\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12335</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"De Wit, P.; Dupont, S.; Thorne, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"De Wit, P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Ocean acidification is expected to have dramatic impacts on oceanic ecosystems, yet surprisingly few studies currently examine long-term adaptive and plastic responses of marine invertebrates to <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> stress. Here, we exposed populations of the common copepod <i>Pseudocalanus acuspes</i> to three <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> regimes (400, 900, and 1550 µatm) for two generations, after which we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment. A <i>de novo</i> transcriptome was assembled, annotated, and gene expression data revealed that genes involved in RNA transcription were strongly down-regulated in populations with long-term exposure to a high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> environment, even after transplantation back to control levels. In addition, 747 000 SNPs were identified, out of which 1513 showed consistent changes in nucleotide frequency between replicates of control and high <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> populations. Functions involving RNA transcription and ribosomal function, as well as ion transport and oxidative phosphorylation, were highly overrepresented. We thus conclude that <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> stress appears to impose selection in copepods on RNA synthesis and translation, possibly modulated by helicase expression. Using a physiological hypothesis-testing strategy to mine gene expression data, we herein increase the power to detect cellular targets of ocean acidification. 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