{"refrec":{"BRefID":286561,"RR":"<b>Brown, A.; Wright, R.; Mevenkamp, L.; Hauton, C.</b> (2017). A comparative experimental approach to ecotoxicology in shallow-water and deep-sea holothurians suggests similar behavioural responses. <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 191</i>: 10-16. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028</a>","BEntID":278585,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 191</i>: 10-16. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Brown, A.; Wright, R.; Mevenkamp, L.; Hauton, C.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Brown, A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Exploration of deep-sea mineral resources is burgeoning, raising concerns regarding ecotoxicological impacts on deep-sea fauna. Assessing toxicity in deep-sea species is technologically challenging, which promotes interest in establishing shallow-water ecotoxicological proxy species. However, the effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on toxicity, and how adaptation to deep-sea environmental conditions might moderate these effects, are unknown. To address these uncertainties we assessed behavioural and physiological (antioxidant enzyme activity) responses to exposure to copper-spiked artificial sediments in a laboratory experiment using a shallow-water holothurian (<i>Holothuria forskali</i>), and in an <i>in situ</i> experiment using a deep-sea holothurian (<i>Amperima</i> sp.). Both species demonstrated sustained avoidance behaviour, evading contact with contaminated artificial sediment. However, <i>A</i>. sp. demonstrated sustained avoidance of 5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> copper-contaminated artificial sediment whereas <i>H</i>. <i>forskali</i> demonstrated only temporary avoidance of 5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> copper-contaminated artificial sediment, suggesting that <i>H</i>. <i>forskali</i> may be more tolerant of metal exposure over 96 h. Nonetheless, the acute behavioural response appears consistent between the shallow-water species and the deep-sea species, suggesting that <i>H. forskali</i> may be a suitable ecotoxicological proxy for <i>A</i>. sp. in acute (≤24 h) exposures which may be representative of deep-sea mining impacts. No antioxidant response was observed in either species, which was interpreted to be the consequence of avoiding copper exposure. Although these data suggest that shallow-water taxa may be suitable ecotoxicological proxies for deep-taxa, differences in methodological and analytical approaches, and in sex and reproductive stage of experimental subjects, require caution in assessing the suitability of <i>H. forskali</i> as an ecotoxicological proxy for <i>A.</i> sp. Nonetheless, avoidance behaviour may have bioenergetic consequences that affect growth and/or reproductive output, potentially impacting fecundity and/or offspring fitness, and thus influencing source-sink dynamics and persistence of wider deep-sea populations.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"A comparative experimental approach to ecotoxicology in shallow-water and deep-sea holothurians suggests similar behavioural responses","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-09 01:32:53.780848","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2017,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-07-08","DateCreate":"2017-07-05","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000411848700002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.028"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":286561,"PubliDate":2017,"Pagination":"10-16","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"191","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42203,"SerRR":"Aquatic Toxicology. 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