{"refrec":{"BRefID":287709,"RR":"<b>Nishikawa, T.; Oohara, I.; Saitoh, K.; Shigenobu, Y.; Hasegawa, N.; Kanamori, M.; Baba, K.; Turon, X.; Bishop, J.D.D.</b> (2014). Molecular and morphological discrimination between an invasive Ascidian, <i>Ascidiella aspersa</i>, and its congener <i>A. scabra</i> (Urochordata: Ascidiacea). <i>Zool. Sci. 31(3)</i>: 180-185. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.31.180\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.31.180</a>","BEntID":279734,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Zool. Sci. 31(3)</i>: 180-185. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.31.180\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.31.180</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Nishikawa, T.; Oohara, I.; Saitoh, K.; Shigenobu, Y.; Hasegawa, N.; Kanamori, M.; Baba, K.; Turon, X.; Bishop, J.D.D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Nishikawa, T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The solitary ascidian Ascidiella aspersa (Muller, 1776) has sometimes been regarded as conspecific with A. scabra (Muller, 1776), although previous detailed morphological comparisons have indicated that the two are distinguishable by internal structures. Resolution of this taxonomic issue is important because A. aspersa has been known as a notoriously invasive ascidian, doing much damage to aquaculture e.g. in Hokkaido, Japan. We collected many specimens from European waters (including the Swedish coast, near the type localities of these two species) and Hokkaido, Japan (as an alien population) and made molecular phylogenetic analyses using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, and found that in terms of COI sequences all the analyzed specimens were clustered into two distinct groups, one of which is morphologically referable to A. aspersa and the other to A. scabra. Thus, these two species should be regarded as distinct from each other.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Molecular and morphological discrimination between an invasive Ascidian, <i>Ascidiella aspersa</i>, and its congener <i>A. scabra</i> (Urochordata: Ascidiacea)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-13 01:31:32.510914","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":" Ascidiella aspersa, Ascidiella scabra, invasive ascidian, molecular analysis, morphology, species, taxonomy","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2014,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-13","DateCreate":"2017-08-08","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000332045100010","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.2108/zsj.31.180"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":287709,"PubliDate":2014,"Pagination":"180-185","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"31","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":44094,"SerRR":"Zoological Science. Zoological Society of Japan: Tokyo.  ISSN 0289-0003; e-ISSN 2212-3830","StandardTitleSer":"Zoological Science","ISSN":"0289-0003","AbbrevSer":"Zool. Sci.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":180,"Pages":6,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Nishikawa","Firstname":"Teruaki","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":"Toho Univ, Fac Sci, Chiba 2748510, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293513,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Oohara","Firstname":"Ichiro","Initials":"I.","Affiliation":"Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Fisheries Sci, Kanazawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368648, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293514,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Saitoh","Firstname":"Kenji","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":"Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Fisheries Sci, Kanazawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368648, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293515,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Shigenobu","Firstname":"Yuya","Initials":"Y.","Affiliation":"Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Fisheries Sci, Kanazawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368648, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293516,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Hasegawa","Firstname":"Natsuki","Initials":"N.","Affiliation":"Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Aquaculture, Minamiise, Mie 5160193, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293517,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kanamori","Firstname":"Makoto","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":"Hokkaido Res Org, Hakodate Fisheries Res Inst, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0420932, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293518,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Baba","Firstname":"Katsuhisa","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":"Hokkaido Res Org, Hakodate Fisheries Res Inst, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0420932, Japan.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293519,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Turon","Firstname":"Xavier","Initials":"X.","Affiliation":"CSIC, Ctr Adv Studies Blanes CEAB, Dept Marine Ecol, Blanes 17300, Girona, Spain.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293520,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bishop","Firstname":"John","Initials":"J.D.D.","Affiliation":"Marine Biol Assoc UK, Citadel Hill Lab, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":279734,"AutID":293521,"OrderNr":9,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":306346,"LibID":36,"BRefID":287709,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"306346","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Zoological Society of Japan","City":"Tokyo"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiacea"},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella aspersa"},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella scabra"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"941":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","SpColID":941,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"},"507":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species","SpColID":507,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WoRMS website","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WoRMS website"},"915":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) acknowledged","SpColID":915,"ParSpColID":941,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn"},"947":{"SpName":"WoRMS ackn - direct reference","SpColID":947,"ParSpColID":915,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn - direct","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn/WoRMS ackn - direct"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":279734,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.31.180","externalID":"10.2108/zsj.31.180","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":56770,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiacea [sea squirts]","AphiaID":1839,"TaxtID":19381},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella aspersa","AphiaID":103718,"TaxtID":43049},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella scabra","AphiaID":103719,"TaxtID":43050}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiacea","DutchTerm":"Zakpijpen","AphiaID":1839,"TaxtID":19381},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella aspersa","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":103718,"TaxtID":43049},{"TaxTerm":"Ascidiella scabra","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":103719,"TaxtID":43050}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"VLIZ2000\\sielc","newSesDate":{"date":"2017-08-08 08:16:45.377000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","updSesDate":{"date":"2018-02-13 19:34:46.407000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}