{"refrec":{"BRefID":288690,"RR":"<b>Kim, E.; Graham, L.E.</b> (2008). EEF2 Analysis challenges the monophyly of Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata. <i>PLoS One 3(7)</i>: e2621. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002621\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002621</a>","BEntID":280725,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>PLoS One 3(7)</i>: e2621. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002621\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002621</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kim, E.; Graham, L.E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kim, E.; Graham, L.E.","Englishabstract":"Background:  Classification of eukaryotes provides a fundamental phylogenetic framework for ecological, medical, and industrial research. In recent years eukaryotes have been classified into six major supergroups: Amoebozoa, Archaeplastida, Chromalveolata, Excavata, Opisthokonta, and Rhizaria. According to this supergroup classification, Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata each arose from a single plastid-generating endosymbiotic event involving a cyanobacterium (Archaeplastida) or red alga (Chromalveolata). Although the plastids within members of the Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata share some features, no nucleocytoplasmic synapomorphies supporting these supergroups are currently known. Methodology/Principal Findings:  This study was designed to test the validity of the Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata through the analysis of nucleus-encoded eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2) and cytosolic heat-shock protein of 70 kDa (HSP70) sequences generated from the glaucophyte <i>Cyanophora paradoxa</i>, the cryptophytes <i>Goniomonas truncate</i> and <i>Guillardia theta</i>, the katablepharid <i>Leucocryptos marina</i>, the rhizarian <i>Thaumatomonas</i> sp. and the green alga <i>Mesostigma viride</i>. The HSP70 phylogeny was largely unresolved except for certain well-established groups. In contrast, EEF2 phylogeny recovered many well-established eukaryotic groups and, most interestingly, revealed a well-supported clade composed of cryptophytes, katablepharids, haptophytes, rhodophytes, and Viridiplantae (green algae and land plants). This clade is further supported by the presence of a two amino acid signature within EEF2, which appears to have arisen from amino acid replacement before the common origin of these eukaryotic groups. Conclusions/Significance:  Our EEF2 analysis strongly refutes the monophyly of the Archaeplastida and the Chromalveolata, adding to a growing body of evidence that limits the utility of these supergroups. In view of EEF2 phylogeny and other morphological evidence, we discuss the possibility of an alternative eukaryotic supergroup","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"EEF2 Analysis challenges the monophyly of Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2008,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2017-10-18","DateCreate":"2017-08-24","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000264065800023","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0002621"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":288690,"PubliDate":2008,"Pagination":"e2621","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"3","Issue":"7","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":123954,"SerRR":"PLoS One. 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