{"refrec":{"BRefID":289214,"RR":"<b>Wollesen, T.; Monje, S.V.R.; McDougall, C.; Degnan, B.M.; Wanninger, A.</b> (2015). The <i>ParaHox</i> gene <i>Gsx</i> patterns the apical organ and central nervous system but not the foregut in scaphopod and cephalopod mollusks. <i>EvoDevo 6</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z</a>","BEntID":281251,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>EvoDevo 6</i>. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Wollesen, T.; Monje, S.V.R.; McDougall, C.; Degnan, B.M.; Wanninger, A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Wollesen, T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"BackgroundIt has been hypothesized that the <i>ParaHox</i> gene <i>Gsx</i> patterned the foregut of the last common bilaterian ancestor. This notion was corroborated by <i>Gsx</i> expression in three out of four lophotrochozoan species, several ecdysozoans, and some deuterostomes. Remarkably, <i>Gsx</i> is also expressed in the bilaterian anterior-most central nervous system (CNS) and the gastropod and annelid apical organ. To infer whether these findings are consistent with other mollusks or even lophotrochozoans, we investigated <i>Gsx</i> expression in developmental stages of representatives of two other molluscan classes, the scaphopod <i>Antalis entalis</i> and the cephalopod <i>Idiosepius notoides</i>.Results<i>Gsx</i> is not expressed in the developing digestive tract of <i>Antalis entalis</i> and <i>Idiosepius notoides</i>. Instead, it is expressed in cells of the apical organ in the scaphopod trochophore and in two cells adjacent to this organ. Late-stage trochophores express <i>Aen</i>-<i>Gsx</i> in cells of the developing cerebral and pedal ganglia and in cells close to the pavilion, mantle, and foot. In postmetamorphic specimens, <i>Aen</i>-<i>Gsx</i> is expressed in the cerebral and pedal ganglia, the foot, and the nascent captacula. In early squid embryos, <i>Ino</i>-<i>Gsx</i> is expressed in the cerebral, palliovisceral, and optic ganglia. In late-stage embryos, <i>Ino</i>-<i>Gsx</i> is additionally expressed close to the eyes and in the supraesophageal and posterior subesophageal masses and optic lobes. Developmental stages close to hatching express <i>Ino</i>-<i>Gsx</i> only close to the eyes.ConclusionsOur results suggest that <i>Gsx</i> expression in the foregut might not be a plesiomorphic trait of the Lophotrochozoa as insinuated previously. Since neither ecdysozoans nor deuterostomes express <i>Gsx</i> in their gut, a role in gut formation in the last common bilaterian ancestor appears unlikely. <i>Gsx</i> is consistently expressed in the bilaterian anterior-most CNS and the apical organ of lophotrochozoan larvae, suggesting a recruitment of <i>Gsx</i> into the formation of this organ in the Lophotrochozoa. The cephalopod posterior subesophageal mass and optic ganglia and the scaphopod pedal ganglia also express <i>Gsx</i>. In summary, <i>Gsx</i> expression only appears to be conserved in the anterior-most brain region during evolution. Accordingly, <i>Gsx</i> appears to have been recruited into the formation of other expression domains, e.g., the apical organ or the foregut, in some lophotrochozoans.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The <i>ParaHox</i> gene <i>Gsx</i> patterns the apical organ and central nervous system but not the foregut in scaphopod and cephalopod mollusks","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Brain; Cephalopoda; Evolution; Development; Hox; Homeobox genes;Invertebrate; Lophotrochozoa; Mollusca; Ontogeny; Scaphopoda;Lophotrochozoa","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2015,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2017-09-20","DateCreate":"2017-09-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000367225200001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":289214,"PubliDate":2015,"Pagination":null,"XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"6","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":226636,"SerRR":"EvoDevo. BioMed Central: London.  ISSN 2041-9139; e-ISSN 2041-9139","StandardTitleSer":"EvoDevo","ISSN":"2041-9139","AbbrevSer":"EvoDevo","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Wollesen","Firstname":"Tim","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":281251,"AutID":271568,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Monje","Firstname":"Sonia","Initials":"S.V.R.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":281251,"AutID":270532,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"McDougall","Firstname":"Carmel","Initials":"C.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":281251,"AutID":253579,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Degnan","Firstname":"Bernard","Initials":"B.M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":281251,"AutID":75595,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Wanninger","Firstname":"Andreas","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":281251,"AutID":82975,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":307010,"LibID":36,"BRefID":289214,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"307010","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"BioMed Central","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Sciences","ThestID":169563,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTermPath":"Marine Sciences"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Genomics","ThestID":169586,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTermPath":"Marine Sciences > Marine Genomics"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Community","ThestID":169557,"Acronym":"KTPUT","ThesTermPath":"Scientific Community"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Publication","ThestID":169548,"Acronym":"KTPKO","ThesTermPath":"Scientific Publication"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Genomics"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Sciences"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Community"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Publication"}],"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":[{"ProID":4198,"Acronym":"ASSEMBLE","ProStandardTitle":"Association of European marine biological laboratories","BYear":2009,"BMonth":3,"EYear":2013,"EMonth":2,"FP7Code":"A-2008","RelID":null,"Relation":null,"DutchTerm":null}],"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"990":{"SpName":"Assemble","SpColID":990,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"Assemble","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"Assemble"},"951":{"SpName":"AssembleMarine","SpColID":951,"ParSpColID":990,"TopParID":990,"ShortName":"AssembleMarine","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":0,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":990,"SpColPath":"Assemble/AssembleMarine"},"950":{"SpName":"EMBRC","SpColID":950,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"EMBRC","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":0,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"EMBRC"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":281251,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":281251,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z","externalID":"10.1186/s13227-015-0037-z","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":58090,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Genomics","ThestID":169586,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTypID":10,"ThesType":"Assemble Sectors"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Sciences","ThestID":169563,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTypID":10,"ThesType":"Assemble Sectors"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Community","ThestID":169557,"Acronym":"KTPUT","ThesTypID":9,"ThesType":"Assemble User Types"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Publication","ThestID":169548,"Acronym":"KTPKO","ThesTypID":8,"ThesType":"Assemble KO Types"}],"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Genomics","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":169586,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTypID":10,"ThesType":"Assemble Sectors"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Marine Sciences","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":169563,"Acronym":"KTPS","ThesTypID":10,"ThesType":"Assemble Sectors"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Community","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":169557,"Acronym":"KTPUT","ThesTypID":9,"ThesType":"Assemble User Types"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Scientific Publication","DutchTerm":null,"ThestID":169548,"Acronym":"KTPKO","ThesTypID":8,"ThesType":"Assemble KO Types"}],"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Lyssens, Liesbeth, L.","newSesDate":{"date":"2017-09-18 22:10:53.193000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2017-09-20 08:31:24.910000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}