{"refrec":{"BRefID":289870,"RR":"<b>Liang, J.; Gomis-Bellmunt, O.; Van Hertem, D.</b> (2016). HVDC grid layouts, <b><i>in</i></b>: Van Hertem, D. <i>et al.</i> <i>HVDC grids: for offshore and supergrid of the future.</i> pp. 171-191. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119115243.ch8\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119115243.ch8</a>","BEntID":281909,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: Van Hertem, D. <i>et al.</i> <i>HVDC grids: for offshore and supergrid of the future.</i> pp. 171-191. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119115243.ch8\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119115243.ch8</a>","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Liang, J.; Gomis-Bellmunt, O.; Van Hertem, D.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Liang, J.; Gomis-Bellmunt, O.; Van Hertem, D.","Englishabstract":"This chapter presents a definition of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grids and analyzes the design considerations of HVDC grids for offshore applications. When looking at the grid structure or layout, the authors identify two basic topologies of HVDC networks, namely, radial and meshed topologies. Radial topologies consist of string connections and star connections. Point-to-point (PPT) HVDC links have been used to transfer the offshore wind power to the onshore grids. The chapter then discusses the configurations of voltage source converter (VSC) stations including grounding and the different substation arrangements. As an HVDC grid may evolve from PPT systems, comprising both monopolar systems and bipolar systems, operation in an unbalanced mode may become quite common, forcing the need for neutral metallic conductors. Within an AC system, busbars are used to collect the different infeeds.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AM","StandardTitle":"HVDC grid layouts","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"HVDC grids; meshed topologies; offshore wind power transmission; radial topologies; substations; voltage source converter","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2016,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-07-13","DateCreate":"2017-10-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1002/9781119115243.ch8"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":289870,"PubliDate":2016,"Pagination":"171-191","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":"978-1-118-85915-5","Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":289852,"BRefMonRR":"<b>Van Hertem, D.; Gomis-Bellmunt, O.; Liang, J. 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