{"refrec":{"BRefID":291390,"RR":"<b>El Gammal, M.A.M.; Nageeb, M.; Al-Sabeb, S.</b> (2017). Phytoplankton abundance in relation to the quality of the coastal water – Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. <i>Egypt. J. Aquatic Res. 43(4)</i>: 275-282. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2017.10.004\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2017.10.004</a>","BEntID":283433,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Egypt. J. Aquatic Res. 43(4)</i>: 275-282. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2017.10.004\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2017.10.004</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"El Gammal, M.A.M.; Nageeb, M.; Al-Sabeb, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"El Gammal, M.A.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Phytoplankton abundance in relation to some physicochemical characters of the costal water of Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia) was studied for one year. The sampling program included 15 locations in Dammam, Saihat, Al-Qatif, Al-Awamia and Safwa. Water samples were analyzed monthly for these parameters; temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, carbon dioxide, total chloride, reactive orthophosphate and total phosphorus and alkalinity, also phytoplankton communities were identified and Chlorophyll <i>a</i> was estimated. The results showed that, the high phytoplankton density attaining the maximum (190.3 × 10<sup>4</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>) during May and June, and the minimum (10.4 × 10<sup>4</sup>/m<sup>3</sup>) during November and December. Forty Five species belonging to 5 phytoplankton groups were recorded. <i>Bacillariophyceae</i> was the first dominant group forming 48% of the total phytoplankton communities (23 species). The dominant species of <i>Bacillariophyceae</i> were <i>Pleurosigma strigosum, Pleurosigma elongatum, Lyrella clavata, Rhizosolenia shrubsolei, Cylindrotheca closterium, Nitzschia panduriform, Nitzschia longissimia, Amphora sp</i> and <i>Stephanopyxis. Dinophyceae</i> was the second dominant group and formed 31% of the total phytoplankton communities (10 species); the dominant species were <i>Ceratium fusus, Heterosigma sp, Ceratium furca, Prorocentrum triestium, Protoperidinium sp, Gyrodinium spirale, Noctiluca scintillans</i> and <i>Scrippsiella trochoidea</i>. Cyanophyceae formed 13% (5 species) where <i>Nostoc</i> sp, <i>Oscillatoria</i> and <i>Merismopedia</i> sp were the dominant species. <i>Chlorophyceae</i> had 8% (6 species); <i>Scendesmus</i> sp., <i>Chlorella</i> sp., <i>Chlamydomonas</i> sp., <i>Dunaliella salina</i> and <i>Nannochloropsis</i> sp were the dominant species. The <i>Euglinophyceae</i> was rare only one species (<i>Euglina</i> sp). The relationship was positive between the phytoplankton, chlorophyll <i>a</i> and carbon dioxide while negative amongst dissolved oxygen and total nitrogen. This research indicated that the relation between water quality and phytoplankton organisms at the coast of Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia) was extremely overlapping and interdependent; any changes in the one component may significantly affect those of the other components.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Phytoplankton abundance in relation to the quality of the coastal water – Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-01 01:31:49.643122","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Phytoplankton Water quality Harmful algae Arabian Gulf","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2017,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-01-31","DateCreate":"2017-12-13","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.ejar.2017.10.004"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":291390,"PubliDate":2017,"Pagination":"275-282","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"43","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":226053,"SerRR":"Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 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