{"refrec":{"BRefID":292805,"RR":"<b>Soldaat, E.</b> (2011). Skeletonderdelen van zeevogels (4): schedels = Parts of seabird skeletons (4): skulls. <i>Sula 24(3)</i>: 136-144","BEntID":284858,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Sula 24(3)</i>: 136-144","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Soldaat, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Soldaat, E.","Englishabstract":"The (sea)bird skull differs very much from a mammal skull and by its built it reveals a reptilian origin. The skull consists of an assembly of over 30 bones, most of them fused to form the cranium that is connected tot the upper mandible by a flexible 'hinge' and the lower jaw. Only a few parts of the upper skull, quadatums en pterygoids, always stay separate to form – together with the palate and upper mandible - a flexible, sliding construction enabling the bird to swallow large prays. Most seabird skull show a depressionabove the eye cases that holds the salt gland. In the <i>Pelecaniiformes</i> this gland is located inside the eye case. In some Alcids, Divers, Penguins, albatrosses, petrels and skuas this depression develops a bony ridge at the outer edge. The upper mandible holds the nasalopenings; large (covered by a horny sheath) in most seabirds, but relatively small in <i>Pelicaniiformes</i> and <i>Procellariiformes</i> with the typical tubes in the latter. Gannets don't have external nares as an adaption to high speed diving. The lachrymals fuse in manyseabirds to the frontals, but not in all groups. The lower jaw consists of 5 pairs of partly flexible bones that have fused to one V-shaped bone. The lower jaw articulates to the quadratums of the upper skull. Is albatrosses, frigatebirds, cormorants and gannets the gonys shows ventrally a spiny outcrop, covered by the bill sheath. Its function is not clear. A few other small bones can be found in seabird skulls. A tiny bone, ossiculum lacrymopalatinum, is located between the lachrmals and the palate in albatrosses, frigatebirds, many petrels, some gulls and auks. Its function is not clear and probably of little taxonomic value. In terns a backwards pointing sesamoid bone is connected to theapex of the lachrymals. In cormorants and darters an occipital style is connected to the cerebellar bulb. This is a ossification within the large neck muscles and therefore no part of the skull proper. The tongue and eyes also have bony reinforcements.","AbstractOtherLang":"Vogelschedels wijken sterk af van zoogdierschedels en verraden doorhun bouw een verwantschap aan reptielen. Het meest in het ooglopende verschil is de bouw van het verhemelte, de kaakgewrichten ende tandeloze kaken die bedekt zijn met een hoornlaag die de functievan de tanden bij zoogdieren overneemt. Een vogelschedel is samengestelduit zo'n dertig verschillende onderdelen die voor het merendeelzijn vergroeid. Bij kuikens zijn veel onderdelen nog als losse botdelente zien en uiteindelijk vergroeien ze tot zes á acht afzonderlijkeonderdelen, met daarnaast soms enkele minuscule botjes op specifiekeplaatsen. Kenmerkend voor een vogelschedel is dat sommigebotten stijf zijn (o.a. hersenschedel), maar andere extreem buigzaam,zoals de onderkaak. Hoewel elk bot in het vogelskelet is aangepastaan zijn specifieke functie, geldt dat voor de schedel in het bijzonder.Vogelschedels en vooral de snavels zijn enorm gevarieerd in vorm. Eris vaak sprake van een directe aanpassing aan de prooidieren waarinde betreffende soort gespecialiseerd is.","BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Skeletonderdelen van zeevogels (4): schedels = Parts of seabird skeletons (4): skulls","OrigTitleLangCode":"nl","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"dut","OrigTitleLangID":41,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2011,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-02-15","DateCreate":"2018-02-15","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":292805,"PubliDate":2011,"Pagination":"136-144","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"24","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45314,"SerRR":"Sula: tijdschrift van de Nederlandse Zeevogelgroep. Nederlandse Zeevogelgroep: Scheveningen; Oudeschild, Texel; Zeist.  ISSN 0926-132X","StandardTitleSer":"Sula: tijdschrift van de Nederlandse Zeevogelgroep","ISSN":"0926-132X","AbbrevSer":"Sula","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":136,"Pages":9,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Soldaat","Firstname":"Edward","Initials":"E.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":284858,"AutID":90507,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":310918,"LibID":36,"BRefID":292805,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"310918","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nederlandse Zeevogelgroep","City":"Scheveningen; Oudeschild, Texel; Zeist"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":284858,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":284858,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":41,"LangCode":"nl","Lang":"Dutch","DutchTerm":"Nederlands","LangCodeExtended":"dut"},{"BEntID":284858,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":284858,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":41,"LangCode":"nl","Lang":"Dutch","DutchTerm":"Nederlands","LangCodeExtended":"dut"}],"urls":null,"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Verheyde, Fons, F.","newSesDate":{"date":"2018-02-15 08:35:27.483000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Verheyde, Fons, F.","updSesDate":{"date":"2018-02-15 08:35:27.483000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}