{"refrec":{"BRefID":296042,"RR":"<b>Sys, C.; Meersman, H.; Van de Voorde, E.</b> (2011). A non-structural test for competition in the container liner shipping industry. <i>Marit. Policy Manage. 38(3)</i>: 219-234. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.572708\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.572708</a>","BEntID":288131,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Marit. Policy Manage. 38(3)</i>: 219-234. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.572708\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2011.572708</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Sys, C.; Meersman, H.; Van de Voorde, E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Sys, C. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"This study examines the competitive conditions of the Containerized Liner Shipping Industry (CLSI). The degree of competition prevailing in this industry will be assessed using the Panzar and Rosse <i>H</i>-statistic. The properties of this non-structural methodology (e.g. using firm level data, robustness in small samples, no need to specify a relevant market, etc.) make it an excellent framework for assessing the degree of competition in the CLSI. The empirical specifications are based on an unbalanced panel of data regarding a sample of 18 major liner operators covering the period 1999 to 2008. A significantly positive unscaled value of the H-statistic has been found. 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