{"refrec":{"BRefID":296724,"RR":"<b>van Bree, L.G.J.; Peterse, F.; van der Meer, M.T.J.; Middelburg, J.J.; Negash, A.M.D.; De Crop, W.; Cocquyt, C.; Wieringa, J.J.; Verschuren, D.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S.</b> (2018). Seasonal variability in the abundance and stable carbon-isotopic composition of lipid biomarkers in suspended particulate matter from a stratified equatorial lake (Lake Chala, Kenya/Tanzania): Implications for the sedimentary record. <i>Quat. Sci. Rev. 192</i>: 208-224. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.023\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.023</a>","BEntID":288813,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Quat. Sci. Rev. 192</i>: 208-224. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.023\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.023</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"van Bree, L.G.J.; Peterse, F.; van der Meer, M.T.J.; Middelburg, J.J.; Negash, A.M.D.; De Crop, W.; Cocquyt, C.; Wieringa, J.J.; Verschuren, D.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"van Bree, L.G.J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"We studied the distribution and stable carbon-isotopic (δ<sup>13</sup>C) composition of various lipid biomarkers in suspended particulate matter (SPM) from the water column of Lake Chala, a permanently stratified crater lake in equatorial East Africa, to evaluate their capacity to reflect seasonality in water-column processes and associated changes in the lake's phytoplankton community. This lake has large seasonal variation in water-column dynamics (stratified during wet seasons and mixing during dry seasons) with associated phytoplankton succession. We analyzed lipid biomarkers in SPM collected monthly at 5 depths (0–80 m) from September 2013 to January 2015. Seasonal variation in total phytoplankton biovolume is strongly reflected in the concentration of phytadienes, a derivative of the general photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll. The wax and wane of several specific biomarker lipids between June and December 2014 reflect pronounced phytoplankton succession after deep mixing, starting with a long and sustained chlorophyte bloom (reflected by C<sub>23:1</sub>, C<sub>25:1</sub> and C<sub27:1</sub><i>n</i>-alkenes, and C<sub>21</sub> and C<sub>23</sub><i>n</i>-alkanes), followed by a peak in diatoms between July and October (loliolide and isololiolide), and then eustigmatophytes (C<sub>30</sub> and C<sub>32</sub> 1,15 diols) once stratification resumes in October. Peak abundance of the C<sub>19:1</sub><i>n</i>-alkene during shallow mixing of the water column in January–February 2014 can be tentatively linked to the seasonal distribution of cyanobacteria. The concentration, seasonal variability, and low δ<sup>13</sup>C values of the C<sub>28</sub> fatty acid in the SPM suggest that this biomarker is produced in the water column of Lake Chala instead of having the typically assumed vascular plant origin. The δ<sup>13</sup>C signature of particulate carbon and all aquatic biomarkers become increasingly more negative (by up to 16‰) during mixing-induced episodes of high productivity, whereas enrichment would be expected during such blooms. This reversed fractionation may be attributed to chemically enhanced diffusion, which generates depleted HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> under high pH (>9) conditions, as occur in the epilimnion of Lake Chala during periods of high productivity. The influence of this process can potentially explain previously observed <sup>13</sup>C-depleted carbon signatures in the paleorecord of Lake Chala, and should be considered prior to paleorecord interpretation of organic-matter δ<sup>13</sup>C values derived (partially) from aquatic organisms in high-pH, i.e. alkaline, lakes","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Seasonal variability in the abundance and stable carbon-isotopic composition of lipid biomarkers in suspended particulate matter from a stratified equatorial lake (Lake Chala, Kenya/Tanzania): Implications for the sedimentary record","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"East Africa;  Aquatic biomarkers;  Organic geochemistry;  Stable isotopes;  Paleolimnology;  Paleoclimatology","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2018,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-06-27","DateCreate":"2018-06-11","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000438179800014","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.023"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":296724,"PubliDate":2018,"Pagination":"208-224","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"192","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":45667,"SerRR":"Quaternary Science Reviews. 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