{"refrec":{"BRefID":300477,"RR":"<b>Leeson, P.T.</b> (2009). The invisible hook: the law and economics of pirate tolerance. <i>NYU Journal of Law & Liberty 4(2)</i>: 139-171","BEntID":292714,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NYU Journal of Law & Liberty 4(2)</i>: 139-171","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Leeson, P.T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Leeson, P.T.","Englishabstract":"Can criminal profit-seeking generate socially desirable outcomes?This article investigates this question by examining the economics ofpirate tolerance. At a time when British merchant ships treated blacks as slaves, some pirate ships integrated black bondsmen into their crews as full-fledged and free members. This racial tolerance was not the product of enlightened notions of equality. Rather, it was forged in the selfinterested context of the criminally-determined costs and benefits of pirate slavery. Analogous to Adam Smith’s invisible hand, whereby lawful commercial self-interest seeking can generate socially desirable outcomes, among pirates there was an “invisible hook,” whereby criminal selfinterest seeking produced a socially desirable outcome in the form of racial tolerance.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The invisible hook: the law and economics of pirate tolerance","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2009,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-08-29","DateCreate":"2018-08-29","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":300477,"PubliDate":2009,"Pagination":"139-171","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"4","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":300476,"SerRR":"New York University Journal of Law & Liberty. 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