{"refrec":{"BRefID":301262,"RR":"<b>Luhtanen, A.-M.; Eronen-Rasimus, E.; Oksanen, H.M.; Tison, J.-L.; Delille, B.; Dieckmann, G.S.; Rintala, J.-M.; Bamford, D.H.</b> (2018). The first known virus isolates from Antarctic sea ice have complex infection patterns. <i>FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 94(4)</i>: 15. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy028\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy028</a>","BEntID":293501,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 94(4)</i>: 15. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy028\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy028</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Luhtanen, A.-M.; Eronen-Rasimus, E.; Oksanen, H.M.; Tison, J.-L.; Delille, B.; Dieckmann, G.S.; Rintala, J.-M.; Bamford, D.H.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Luhtanen, A.-M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Viruses are recognized as important actors in ocean ecology and biogeochemical cycles, but many details are not yet understood. We participated in a winter expedition to the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, to isolate viruses and to measure virus-like particle abundance (flow cytometry) in sea ice. We isolated 59 bacterial strains and the first four Antarctic sea-ice viruses known (PANV1, PANV2, OANV1 and OANV2), which grow in bacterial hosts belonging to the typical sea-ice genera <i>Paraglaciecola</i> and <i>Octadecabacter</i>. The viruses were specific for bacteria at the strain level, although OANV1 was able to infect strains from two different classes. Both PANV1 and PANV2 infected 11/15 isolated <i>Paraglaciecola</i> strains that had almost identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, but the plating efficiencies differed among the strains, whereas OANV1 infected 3/7 <i>Octadecabacter</i> and 1/15 <i>Paraglaciecola</i> strains and OANV2 1/7 <i>Octadecabacter</i> strains. All the phages were cold-active and able to infect their original host at 0°C and 4°C, but not at higher temperatures. The results showed that virus–host interactions can be very complex and that the viral community can also be dynamic in the winter-sea ice.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"The first known virus isolates from Antarctic sea ice have complex infection patterns","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-02 01:31:53.927919","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"virus-host interactions; virus isolation; sea ice microbiology; VLP insea ice","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2018,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-09-18","DateCreate":"2018-09-14","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000429481200008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1093/femsec/fiy028"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":301262,"PubliDate":2018,"Pagination":"15","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"94","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42870,"SerRR":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 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