{"refrec":{"BRefID":301264,"RR":"<b>Jacobsson, E.; Andersson, H.S.; Strand, M.; Peigneur, S.; Eriksson, C.; Loden, H.; Shariatgorji, M.; Andren, P.E.; Lebbe, E.K.M.; Rosengren, K.J.; Tytgat, J.; Goransson, U.</b> (2018). Peptide ion channel toxins from the bootlace worm, the longest animal on Earth. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 8</i>: 10. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22305-w\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22305-w</a>","BEntID":293503,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 8</i>: 10. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22305-w\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22305-w</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Jacobsson, E.; Andersson, H.S.; Strand, M.; Peigneur, S.; Eriksson, C.; Loden, H.; Shariatgorji, M.; Andren, P.E.; Lebbe, E.K.M.; Rosengren, K.J.; Tytgat, J.; Goransson, U.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Jacobsson, E. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Polypeptides from animal venoms have found important uses as drugs, pharmacological tools, and within biotechnological and agricultural applications. We here report a novel family of cystine knot peptides from nemertean worms, with potent activity on voltage-gated sodium channels. These toxins, named the α-nemertides, were discovered in the epidermal mucus of <i>Lineus longissimus</i>, the ‘bootlace worm’ known as the longest animal on earth. The most abundant peptide, the 31-residue long α-1, was isolated, synthesized, and its 3D NMR structure determined. Transcriptome analysis including 17 species revealed eight α-nemertides, mainly distributed in the genus <i>Lineus</i>. α-1 caused paralysis and death in green crabs (<i>Carcinus maenas</i>) at 1 µg/kg (~300 pmol/kg). It showed profound effect on invertebrate voltage-gated sodium channels (e.g. <i>Blattella germanica</i> Nav1) at low nanomolar concentrations. Strong selectivity for insect over human sodium channels indicates that α-nemertides can be promising candidates for development of bioinsecticidal agents.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Peptide ion channel toxins from the bootlace worm, the longest animal on Earth","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:18.008384","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2018,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-09-26","DateCreate":"2018-09-14","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000428029600001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-018-22305-w"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":301264,"PubliDate":2018,"Pagination":"10","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"8","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). 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