{"refrec":{"BRefID":302817,"RR":"<b>Kareh, M.; El Nahas, R.; Al-Aaraj, L.; Al-Ghadban, S.; Naser Al Deen, N.; Saliba, N.; El-Sabban, M.; Talhouk, R.</b> (2018). Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the sea cucumber <i>Holothuria polii</i> aqueous extract. <i>SAGE <i>Open</i> 6</i>: 1-14. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118809541\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118809541</a>","BEntID":295064,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>SAGE <i>Open</i> 6</i>: 1-14. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118809541\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118809541</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kareh, M.; El Nahas, R.; Al-Aaraj, L.; Al-Ghadban, S.; Naser Al Deen, N.; Saliba, N.; El-Sabban, M.; Talhouk, R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kareh, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Objective: Sea cucumbers are considered among the most important functional foods. Following bioassay guided fractionation, we assessed the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of Holothuria polii (H. polii) extracts.Methods: Sea cucumber ethanolic extract and the partially purified aqueous fractions were assessed for their antiproliferative activities. These latter bioactivities were evaluated in the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures using trypan blue exclusion assay. The tumor-suppressive effects of sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous fractions were assayed by measuring the trans-well invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells and the expression of some epithelial mesenchymal transition markers using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous fraction was tested by measuring the secreted levels of interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in endotoxin-induced mammary epithelial SCp2 cells and interleukin-1β in phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-activated human monocytic THP-1 cells.Results: Sea cucumber ethanolic extract and the aqueous fraction significantly decreased the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells by more than 50% at similar and noncytotoxic concentrations and caused an arrest in the S-phase of the cell cycle of treated cells. In contrast, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol organic fractions did not show any significant activity. Furthermore, sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous fraction reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in three-dimensional cultures by more than 60% at noncytotoxic concentrations. In addition, treatment with these concentrations resulted in the loss of stellate outgrowths in favor of spherical aggregates and a 30% decrease in invasive properties. Both sea cucumber ethanolic extract and aqueous decreased the transcription of vimentin and the protein expression levels of vimentin and N-cadherin in three-dimensional cultures. The aqueous fraction decreased the levels of inflammatory markers interleukin-6, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the mouse mammary SCp2 cells, and the level of interleukin-1β produced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-activated THP-1 human monocytic cells.Conclusion: The data reveal for the first time promising anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities in H. polii water extract in two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture models.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the sea cucumber <i>Holothuria polii</i> aqueous extract","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Sea cucumber, Holothuria polii; anti-proliferative; anti-inflammatory; breast cancer","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2018,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-11-07","DateCreate":"2018-11-07","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000450117100001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1177/2050312118809541"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":302817,"PubliDate":2018,"Pagination":"1-14","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"6","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":254733,"SerRR":"SAGE <i>Open</i>. 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