{"refrec":{"BRefID":310358,"RR":"<b>Kumar, V.; Nguyen, D.V.; Baruah, K.; Bossier, P.</b> (2019). Probing the mechanism of VP<sub>AHPND</sub> extracellular proteins toxicity purified from <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> AHPND strain in germ-free <i>Artemia</i> test system. <i>Aquaculture 504</i>: 414-419. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.029\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.029</a>","BEntID":302689,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquaculture 504</i>: 414-419. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.029\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.029</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kumar, V.; Nguyen, D.V.; Baruah, K.; Bossier, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kumar, V. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an emerging shrimp disease caused by virulent strain of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (VP<sub>AHPND</sub>) that results in significant economic losses to shrimp aquaculture. The <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> encodes deadly toxin (VP<sub>AHPND</sub> toxins) that are responsible for shrimp mortality during AHPND. Therefore, to better understand the toxicity mechanism of VP<sub>AHPND</sub> toxins, we have used the gnotobiotic <i>Artemia franciscana</i> model to determine the toxicity of recombinant PirA<sup>VP</sup> and PirB<sup>VP</sup> toxins <i>in vivo</i>. Subsequently, the study was validated by VP<sub>AHPND</sub> ECP<sub>30</sub>, ECP<sub>10</sub> and ECP<sub>3</sub> concentrated with 30, 10 and 3 kDa amicon filters to establish the toxicity towards brine shrimp larvae. It was found that recombinant PirB<sup>VP</sup> is more toxic to brine shrimp larvae as compared to PirA<sup>VP</sup>. Moreover, the survival of brine shrimp larvae challenged with a mixture of PirA<sup>VP</sup> and PirB<sup>VP</sup> toxins decreased ~2-fold as compared to PirB<sup>VP</sup> toxin and ~3-fold as compared to PirA<sup>VP</sup> toxin, as anticipated, as these 2 toxins seem to form an active complex. The study also confirms that VP<sub>AHPND</sub> ECP<sub>10</sub> and ECP<sub>3</sub>, comprising PirA<sup>VP</sup> and PirB<sup>VP</sup> toxins, exhibits toxic effect to brine shrimp larvae. The ECP<sub>30</sub>, lacking PirA<sup>VP</sup>, showed reduced toxicity. The VP<sub>AHPND</sub> ECP<sub>10</sub> and ECP<sub>3</sub> (containing PirA<sup>VP</sup> and PirB<sup>VP</sup> toxins, along with other proteins) were more toxic than their respective equivalent amounts of pure toxins, suggesting that VP<sub>AHPND</sub> ECP<sub>10</sub> and ECP<sub>3</sub> contains additional, but uncharacterized, toxins. Hence, our study provides substantial evidence that toxicity of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> AHPND strains is mediated by VP<sub>AHPND</sub> ECP comprised of PirA<sup>VP</sup> and PirB<sup>VP</sup> (mostly) and other ECP or toxins produced by the bacterium.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Probing the mechanism of VP<sub>AHPND</sub> extracellular proteins toxicity purified from <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> AHPND strain in germ-free <i>Artemia</i> test system","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Vibrio parahaemolyticus; AHPND; VPAHPND ECP; PirA(VP) toxin; PirB(VP)toxin; Artemia franciscana","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2019,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-04-24","DateCreate":"2019-04-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000459962400048","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.029"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":310358,"PubliDate":2019,"Pagination":"414-419","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"504","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42190,"SerRR":"Aquaculture. 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