{"refrec":{"BRefID":312498,"RR":"<b>Willard, D.A.; Donders, T.H.; Reichgelt; Greenwood, D.R.; Sangiorgi, F.; Peterse, F.; Nierop, K.G.J.; Frieling, J.; Schouten, S.; Sluijs, A.</b> (2019). Arctic vegetation, temperature, and hydrology during Early Eocene transient global warming events. <i>Global Planet. Change 178</i>: 139-152. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.012\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.012</a>","BEntID":304862,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Global Planet. Change 178</i>: 139-152. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.012\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.012</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Willard, D.A.; Donders, T.H.; Reichgelt; Greenwood, D.R.; Sangiorgi, F.; Peterse, F.; Nierop, K.G.J.; Frieling, J.; Schouten, S.; Sluijs, A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Willard, D.A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Early Eocene global climate was warmer than much of the Cenozoic and was punctuated by a series of transient warming events or ‘hyperthermals’ associated with carbon isotope excursions when temperature increased by 4–8 °C. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~55 Ma) and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2, 53.5 Ma) hyperthermals were of short duration (<200 kyr) and dramatically restructured terrestrial vegetation and mammalian faunas at mid-latitudes. Data on the character and magnitude of change in terrestrial vegetation and climate during and after the PETM and ETM2 at high northern latitudes, however, are limited to a small number of stratigraphically restricted records. The Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) marine sediment core from the Lomonosov Ridge in the Arctic Basin provides a stratigraphically expanded early Eocene record of Arctic terrestrial vegetation and climates. Using pollen/spore assemblages, palynofacies data, bioclimatic analyses (Nearest Living Relative, or NLR), and lipid biomarker paleothermometry, we present evidence for expansion of mesothermal (Mean Annual Temperatures 13–20 °C) forests to the Arctic during the PETM and ETM2. Our data indicate that PETM mean annual temperatures were ~2° to 3.5 °C warmer than those of the Late Paleocene. Mean winter temperatures in the PETM reached ≥5 °C (~2 °C warmer than the late Paleocene), based on pollen-based bioclimatic reconstructions and the presence of palm and Bombacoideae pollen. Increased runoff of water and nutrients to the ocean during both hyperthermals resulted in greater salinity stratification and hypoxia/anoxia, based on marked increases in concentration of massive Amorphous Organic Matter (AOM) and dominance of low-salinity dinocysts. During the PETM recovery, taxodioid Cupressaceae-dominated swamp forests were important elements of the landscape, representing intermediate climate conditions between the early Eocene hyperthermals and background conditions of the late Paleocene.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Arctic vegetation, temperature, and hydrology during Early Eocene transient global warming events","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:32:52.928458","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Palynology; Palynofacies; brGDGTs; Bioclimatic reconstructions; Paleocene-Eocene; Thermal Maximum; ETM2; Arctic; Paleoclimate","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2019,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-07-29","DateCreate":"2019-07-04","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000471734600010","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.012"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":312498,"PubliDate":2019,"Pagination":"139-152","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"178","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42934,"SerRR":"Global and Planetary Change. 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