{"refrec":{"BRefID":313871,"RR":"<b>Kociolek, J.P.; Williams, D.M.; Stepanek, J.; Liu, Q.; Liu, Y.; You, Q.; Karthick, B.; Kulikovskiy, M.</b> (2019). Rampant homoplasy and adaptive radiation in pennate diatoms. <i>Plant Ecol. Evol. 152(2)</i>: 131-141. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1612\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1612</a>","BEntID":306236,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Plant Ecol. Evol. 152(2)</i>: 131-141. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1612\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1612</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kociolek, J.P.; Williams, D.M.; Stepanek, J.; Liu, Q.; Liu, Y.; You, Q.; Karthick, B.; Kulikovskiy, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kociolek, J.P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Background and aims – We examine the possibility of the independent evolution of the same features multiple times across the pennate diatom tree of life.Methods and key results – Features we have studied include symmetry, raphe number and amphoroid symmetry. Phylogenetic analysis, with both morphological and molecular data suggest in each of these cases that the features evolved from 5 to 6 times independently. 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