{"refrec":{"BRefID":314338,"RR":"<b>Smit, N.T.; Rush, D.; Sahonero Canavesi, D.X.; Verweij, M.; Rasigraf, O.; Guerrero-Cruz, S.; Jetten, M.S.M.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S; Schouten, S.</b> (2019). Demethylated hopanoids in <i>‘Ca</i>. Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ as biomarkers for environmental nitrite-dependent methane oxidation. <i>Org. Geochem. 137</i>: 103899. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.07.008\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.07.008</a>","BEntID":307057,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Org. Geochem. 137</i>: 103899. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.07.008\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.07.008</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Smit, N.T.; Rush, D.; Sahonero Canavesi, D.X.; Verweij, M.; Rasigraf, O.; Guerrero-Cruz, S.; Jetten, M.S.M.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S; Schouten, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Smit, N.T. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Hopanoids are lipids that are widespread in the bacterial domain and well established molecular biomarkers in modern and paleo environments. In particular, the occurrence of 13C-depleted 3-methylated hopanoids are characteristic of aerobic bacteria involved in methane oxidation. Previously the intra-aerobic methanotroph ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ (<i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’), which performs nitrite-dependent methane oxidation in anoxic environments, has been shown to synthesize bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) and their 3-methylated counterparts. However, since <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ does not utilize methane as a carbon source, its biomass and lipids do not show the characteristic 13C-depletion. Therefore, the detection of <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ in various environments is challenging, and still underexplored. Here, we re-investigated the hopanoid content of <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ bacteria using enrichment cultures. We found the GC-amenable hopanoids of <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ to be dominated by four demethylated hopanoids of which only one, 22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21-one, had been identified previously. The three novel hopanoids were tentatively identified as 22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21-ol, 3-methyl-22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21-one and 3-methyl-22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21-ol. These unique demethylated hopanoids are most likely biosynthesized directly by <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ bacteria. Bioinformatical analysis of the <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ genome revealed potential candidate genes responsible for the demethylation of hopanoids. For the sensitive detection of the four trisnorhopanoid biomarkers in environmental samples, a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method was developed and used to successfully detect the trisnorhopanoids in a peatland where the presence of <i>‘Ca</i>. M. oxyfera’ had been confirmed previously by DNA-based analyses. These new biomarkers may be a novel tool to trace nitrite-dependent methane oxidation in various (past) environments.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Demethylated hopanoids in <i>‘Ca</i>. Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ as biomarkers for environmental nitrite-dependent methane oxidation","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:25.368726","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Demethylated hopanoids; <i>Candidatus Methylomirabilis</i> oxyfera; Nitrite-dependent methane oxidation; Trisnorhopanoids; 3-Methyl 22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21-one; Methylation","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2019,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-05-17","DateCreate":"2019-08-29","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000500546700004","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.07.008"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":314338,"PubliDate":2019,"Pagination":"103899","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"137","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":111331,"SerRR":"Organic Geochemistry. 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