{"refrec":{"BRefID":317564,"RR":"<b>Kuhnz, L.A.; Bizzarro, J.J.; Ebert, D.A.</b> (2019). <i>In situ</i> observations of deep-living skates in the eastern North Pacific. <i>Deep-Sea Res., Part 1, Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 152</i>: 103104. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103104\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103104</a>","BEntID":310998,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Deep-Sea Res., Part 1, Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 152</i>: 103104. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103104\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103104</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kuhnz, L.A.; Bizzarro, J.J.; Ebert, D.A.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kuhnz, L.A.; Bizzarro, J.J.; Ebert, D.A.","Englishabstract":"We report on 18 years of in situ observations of seven skate species (2192 individual observations) in the eastern North Pacific (Vancouver Island, Canada to the Gulf of California, Mexico) between 200 and 3322 m depth. Biological (species, sex, maturity, behavior) and abiotic (geographic location, depth, habitat type, temperature, oxygen) data were evaluated for each species. This study extends the depth and geographic ranges of Bathyraja microtrachys and B. trachura. Additional species studied include Amblyraja hyperborea, B. abyssicola, B. kincaidii, B. spinosissima, and Beringraja rhina. Bathyraja trachura was shown to be uniquely tolerant of low oxygen environments and B. spinosissima is distinctive in that it was most frequently found actively swimming over lava fields. 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