{"refrec":{"BRefID":318147,"RR":"<b>Bale, N.J.; Rijpstra, W.I.C.; Sahonero Canavesi, D.X.; Oshkin, I.Y.; Belova, S.E.; Dedysh, S.N.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S</b> (2019). Fatty acid and hopanoid adaption to cold in the methanotroph <i>Methylovulum psychrotolerans</i>. <i>Front. Microbiol. 10</i>: article 589. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00589\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00589</a>","BEntID":311584,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Front. Microbiol. 10</i>: article 589. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00589\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00589</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Bale, N.J.; Rijpstra, W.I.C.; Sahonero Canavesi, D.X.; Oshkin, I.Y.; Belova, S.E.; Dedysh, S.N.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Bale, N.J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Three strains of aerobic psychrotolerant methanotrophic bacteria <i>Methylovulum psychrotolerans</i>, isolated from geographically remote low-temperature environments in Northern Russia, were grown at three different growth temperatures, 20, 10 and 4∘C and were found to be capable of oxidizing methane at all temperatures. The three <i>M. psychrotolerans</i> strains adapted their membranes to decreasing growth temperature by increasing the percent of unsaturated fatty acid (FAs), both for the bulk and intact polar lipid (IPL)-bound FAs. Furthermore, the ratio of βOH-C16:0 to n-C16:0 increased as growth temperature decreased. The IPL head group composition did not change as an adaption to temperature. The most notable hopanoid temperature adaptation of <i>M. psychrotolerans </i>was an increase in unsaturated hopanols with decreasing temperature. As the growth temperature decreased from 20 to 4∘C, the percent of unsaturated <i>M. psychrotolerans </i>bulk-FAs increased from 79 to 89 % while the total percent of unsaturated hopanoids increased from 27 to 49 %. While increased FA unsaturation in response to decreased temperature is a commonly observed response in order to maintain the liquid-crystalline character of bacterial membranes, hopanoid unsaturation upon cold exposition has not previously been described. In order to investigate the mechanisms of both FA and hopanoid cold-adaption in <i>M. psychrotolerans </i>we identified genes in the genome of <i>M. psychrotolerans </i>that potentially code for FA and hopanoid desaturases. The unsaturation of hopanoids represents a novel membrane adaption to maintain homeostasis upon cold adaptation.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Fatty acid and hopanoid adaption to cold in the methanotroph <i>Methylovulum psychrotolerans</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:26.290323","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"methanotroph; bacteria; methane; temperature; fatty acid; hopanol","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2019,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-05-17","DateCreate":"2019-11-21","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000463508700001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3389/fmicb.2019.00589"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":318147,"PubliDate":2019,"Pagination":"article 589","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"10","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":234940,"SerRR":"Frontiers in Microbiology. 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