{"refrec":{"BRefID":318231,"RR":"<b>Witkowski, C.R.; Agostini, S.; Harvey, B.P.; van der Meer, M.T.J.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S.; Schouten, S.</b> (2019). Validation of carbon isotope fractionation in algal lipids as a <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> proxy using a natural CO<sub>2</sub> seep (Shikine Island, Japan). <i>Biogeosciences 16(22)</i>: 4451-4461. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019</a>","BEntID":311668,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biogeosciences 16(22)</i>: 4451-4461. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Witkowski, C.R.; Agostini, S.; Harvey, B.P.; van der Meer, M.T.J.; Sinninghe Damsté, J.S.; Schouten, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Witkowski, C.R. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere play an integral role in many Earth system dynamics, including its influence on global temperature. The past can provide insights into these dynamics, but unfortunately reconstructing long-term trends of atmospheric carbon dioxide (expressed in partial pressure; <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) remains a challenge in paleoclimatology. One promising approach for reconstructing past <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> utilizes the isotopic fractionation associated with CO<SUB>2</SUB fixation during photosynthesis into organic matter (εp). Previous studies have focused primarily on testing estimates of εp derived from the δ<sup>13</sup>C of species-specific alkenone compounds in laboratory cultures and mesocosm experiments. Here, we analyze εp derived from the δ<sup>13</sup>C of more general algal biomarkers, i.e., compounds derived from a multitude of species from sites near a CO<SUB>2</SUB> seep off the coast of Shikine Island (Japan), a natural environment with CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations ranging from ambient (ca. 310 µatm) to elevated (ca. 770 µatm) <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>. We observed strong, consistent δ<sup>13</sup>C shifts in several algal biomarkers from a variety of sample matrices over the steep CO<SUB>2</SUB> gradient. Of the three general algal biomarkers explored here, namely loliolide, phytol, and cholesterol, εp positively correlates with <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>, in agreement with εp theory and previous culture studies. <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> reconstructed from the εp of general algal biomarkers show the same trends throughout, as well as the correct control values, but with lower absolute reconstructed values than the measured values at the elevated <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> sites. Our results show that naturally occurring CO<SUB>2</SUB> seeps may provide useful testing grounds for <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> proxies and that general algal biomarkers show promise for reconstructing past <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Validation of carbon isotope fractionation in algal lipids as a <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> proxy using a natural CO<sub>2</sub> seep (Shikine Island, Japan)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2019,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-11-25","DateCreate":"2019-11-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000499702400002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":318231,"PubliDate":2019,"Pagination":"4451-4461","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"16","Issue":"22","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":68092,"SerRR":"<b>Gattuso, J.P.; Kesselmeier, J. (Ed.)</b> Biogeosciences. Copernicus Publications: Göttingen.  ISSN 1726-4170; e-ISSN 1726-4189","StandardTitleSer":"Biogeosciences","ISSN":"1726-4170","AbbrevSer":"Biogeosciences","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":4451,"Pages":11,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Witkowski","Firstname":"Caitlyn","Initials":"C.R.","Affiliation":"MMB","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":351053,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MMB","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry","ORCID":null,"PersID":36899,"InsID":13655},{"AutName":"Agostini","Firstname":"Sylvain","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":396680,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Harvey","Firstname":"Ben","Initials":"B.P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":173386,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"van der Meer","Firstname":"Marcel","Initials":"M.T.J.","Affiliation":"MMB","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":253155,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MMB","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry","ORCID":"0000-0001-6454-1752","PersID":29853,"InsID":13655},{"AutName":"Sinninghe Damsté","Firstname":"Jaap","Initials":"J.S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":214922,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MMB","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry","ORCID":"0000-0002-8683-1854","PersID":29942,"InsID":13655},{"AutName":"Schouten","Firstname":"Stefan","Initials":"S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":311668,"AutID":210357,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MMB","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee; Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry","ORCID":null,"PersID":15342,"InsID":13655}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":311668,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":340573,"LibID":2779,"BRefID":318231,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"340573","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":null,"Acronym":null,"Library":"NIOZ","DutchTerm":null,"URL":null,"ClassifID":260,"Classification":"NIOZ Open Repository","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":null,"LoggedInReq":null,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_NIOZ","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":397,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":null,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"NIOZ","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":805,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Copernicus Publications","City":"Göttingen"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"805":{"SpName":"Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der Zee","SpColID":805,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"NIOZ","URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imis/nioz/imis.php?refid=","LibID":2779,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":1,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"NIOZ"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":311668,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":311668,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019","externalID":"10.5194/bg-16-4451-2019","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":79726,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Leonne.van.der.Weegen@nioz.nl","newSesDate":{"date":"2019-11-25 11:48:40.907000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Leonne.van.der.Weegen@nioz.nl","updSesDate":{"date":"2019-11-25 11:48:40.907000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}