{"refrec":{"BRefID":323708,"RR":"<b>Pavaux, A.-S.; Ternon, E.; Dufour, L.; Marro, S.; Gémin, M-P.; Thomas, O.P.; Lemée, R.</b> (2020). Efficient, fast and inexpensive bioassay to monitor benthic microalgae toxicity: Application to <i>Ostreopsis</i> species. <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 223</i>: 105485. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105485\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105485</a>","BEntID":317180,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 223</i>: 105485. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105485\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105485</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Pavaux, A.-S.; Ternon, E.; Dufour, L.; Marro, S.; Gémin, M-P.; Thomas, O.P.; Lemée, R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Pavaux, A.-S. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Even though HPLC-MS is commonly used to quantify the toxin content of <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. cells, there is a need to develop easy-to-use toxicological tests to set thresholds during <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. blooms. The crustacean <i>Artemia</i> has been widely used to evaluate the presence and toxicity of chemicals and biological contaminants and we anticipated that it could also be useful to test <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. toxicity. Its relevance was first assessed by investigating the variability of the toxic effects among <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. strains and throughout the dinoflagellate life cycle in combination with chemical analyses of the toxinic content by UHPLC-HRMS. After testing the toxicity of fractions prepared from <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. cells, the known ova- and paly-toxins were not the only toxic metabolites to <i>Artemia franciscana</i>, indicating that other toxic compounds synthesized by <i>Ostreopsis</i> spp. still remain to be identified. To extend the bioassay to in situ monitoring, the toxicity of the benthic microalgal consortium was tested during a natural bloom of <i>Ostreopsis cf. ovata</i> in the NW Mediterranean Sea. 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