{"refrec":{"BRefID":325060,"RR":"<b>Purcell, S.; Eeckhaut, I.</b> (2005). An external check for disease and health of hatchery-produced sea cucumbers. <i>SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin 22</i>: 34-38","BEntID":318537,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin 22</i>: 34-38","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Purcell, S.; Eeckhaut, I.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Purcell, S.; Eeckhaut, I.","Englishabstract":"Sea cucumber diseases that arise in the hatchery can cripple production and undermine restocking programmes. A rapid protocol for the external examination of juvenile sea cucumbers was developed in order to screen for disease and poor health. After selecting a random sample of juveniles from the entire group, each individual is examined for one minute under low-power microscopy. Six external criteria are checked, including abnormalities of the mouth, anus, papillae, body colour, and signs of excess mucus, unhealed lesions, parasites and macroassociates. If more than 5% of screened animals were “unhealthy” or more than 2% were “diseased”, then the whole group from which the sample was derived should be considered unfit for grow-out or restocking. In such cases, the handling and environmental conditions in the hatchery should be improved and the entire group quarantined and treated. 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