{"refrec":{"BRefID":325283,"RR":"<b>Hu, M.; Zheng, X.; Fan, C.-M.; Zheng, Y.</b> (2020). Lineage dynamics of the endosymbiotic cell type in the soft coral <i>Xenia</i>. <i>Nature (Lond.) 582(7813)</i>: 534-538. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7</a>","BEntID":318760,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Nature (Lond.) 582(7813)</i>: 534-538. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hu, M.; Zheng, X.; Fan, C.-M.; Zheng, Y.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hu, M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Many corals harbour symbiotic dinoflagellate algae. The algae live inside coral cells in a specialized membrane compartment known as the symbiosome, which shares the photosynthetically fixed carbon with coral host cells while host cells provide inorganic carbon to the algae for photosynthesis<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 1\" title=\"Davy, S. K., Allemand, D. &amp; Weis, V. M. Cell biology of cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 76, 229–261 (2012).\" href=\"/articles/s41586-020-2385-7#ref-CR1\" id=\"ref-link-section-d111048e383\">1</a></sup>. This endosymbiosis—which is critical for the maintenance of coral reef ecosystems—is increasingly threatened by environmental stressors that lead to coral bleaching (that is, the disruption of endosymbiosis), which in turn leads to coral death and the degradation of marine ecosystems<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2\" title=\"Putnam, H. M., Barott, K. L., Ainsworth, T. D. &amp; Gates, R. D. The vulnerability and resilience of reef-building corals. Curr. Biol. 27, R528–R540 (2017).\" href=\"/articles/s41586-020-2385-7#ref-CR2\" id=\"ref-link-section-d111048e387\">2</a></sup>. The molecular pathways that orchestrate the recognition, uptake and maintenance of algae in coral cells remain poorly understood. Here we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of a <i>Xenia</i> species of fast-growing soft coral<sup><a data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3\" title=\"McFadden, C. S., Reynolds, A. M. &amp; Janes, M. P. DNA barcoding of xeniid soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Xeniidae) from Indonesia: species richness and phylogenetic relationships. Syst. Biodivers. 12, 247–257 (2014).\" href=\"/articles/s41586-020-2385-7#ref-CR3\" id=\"ref-link-section-d111048e394\">3</a></sup>, and use this species as a model to investigate coral–alga endosymbiosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified 16&nbsp;cell clusters, including gastrodermal cells and cnidocytes, in <i>Xenia</i> sp. We identified the endosymbiotic cell type, which expresses a distinct set of genes that are implicated in the recognition, phagocytosis and/or endocytosis, and maintenance of algae, as well as in the immune modulation of host coral cells. By coupling <i>Xenia</i> sp. regeneration and single-cell RNA sequencing, we observed a dynamic lineage progression of the endosymbiotic cells. The conserved genes associated with endosymbiosis that are reported here may help to reveal common principles by which different corals take up or lose their endosymbionts.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Lineage dynamics of the endosymbiotic cell type in the soft coral <i>Xenia</i>","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-11 01:32:39.899812","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-06-25","DateCreate":"2020-06-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000541024900005","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":325283,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"534-538","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"582","Issue":"7813","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43431,"SerRR":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science. Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 0028-0836; e-ISSN 1476-4687","StandardTitleSer":"Nature: International Weekly Journal of Science","ISSN":"0028-0836","AbbrevSer":"Nature (Lond.)","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":534,"Pages":5,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":[{"YBRefID":325281,"RefStrFull":"<b>Sánchez Alvarado, A.</b> (2020). Model system might reveal how coral cells take up and evict algae. <i>Nature (Lond.) 582(7813)</i>: 495-496. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01715-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01715-9</a>","RelID":4,"Relation":"Related to","StandardTitle":"Model system might reveal how coral cells take up and evict algae"}],"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Hu","Firstname":"Minjie","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":318760,"AutID":419763,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Zheng","Firstname":"Xiaobin","Initials":"X.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":318760,"AutID":419764,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Fan","Firstname":"Chen-Ming","Initials":"C.-M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":318760,"AutID":419765,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Zheng","Firstname":"Yixian","Initials":"Y.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":318760,"AutID":419766,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":346648,"LibID":36,"BRefID":325283,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"346648","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":318760,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":318760,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7","externalID":"10.1038/s41586-020-2385-7","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":84128,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2020-06-25 09:55:57.903000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2020-06-25 09:55:57.903000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}