{"refrec":{"BRefID":330053,"RR":"<b>Gruwez, V.; Altomare, C.; Suzuki, T.; Streicher, M.; Cappietti, L.; Kortenhaus, A.; Troch, P.</b> (2020). Validation of RANS modelling for wave interactions with sea dikes on shallow foreshores using a large-scale experimental dataset. <i>J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 8(9)</i>: 650. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090650\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090650</a>","BEntID":323660,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 8(9)</i>: 650. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090650\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090650</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Gruwez, V.; Altomare, C.; Suzuki, T.; Streicher, M.; Cappietti, L.; Kortenhaus, A.; Troch, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Gruwez, V. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In this paper, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations solver, interFoam of OpenFOAM®, is validated for wave interactions with a dike, including a promenade and vertical wall, on a shallow foreshore. Such a coastal defence system is comprised of both an impermeable dike and a beach in front of it, forming the shallow foreshore depth at the dike toe. This case necessitates the simulation of several processes simultaneously: wave propagation, wave breaking over the beach slope, and wave interactions with the sea dike, consisting of wave overtopping, bore interactions on the promenade, and bore impacts on the dike-mounted vertical wall at the end of the promenade (storm wall or building). The validation is done using rare large-scale experimental data. Model performance and pattern statistics are employed to quantify the ability of the numerical model to reproduce the experimental data. In the evaluation method, a repeated test is used to estimate the experimental uncertainty. The solver interFoam is shown to generally have a very good model performance rating. A detailed analysis of the complex processes preceding the impacts on the vertical wall proves that a correct reproduction of the horizontal impact force and pressures is highly dependent on the accuracy of reproducing the bore interactions. ","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Validation of RANS modelling for wave interactions with sea dikes on shallow foreshores using a large-scale experimental dataset","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-22 01:42:02.299298","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"validation; wave modelling; shallow foreshore; dike-mounted vertical wall; wave impact loads; OpenFOAM","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-05-17","DateCreate":"2020-10-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000580263300001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3390/jmse8090650"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":330053,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"650","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"8","Issue":"9","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":251606,"SerRR":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. MDPI: Basel.  ISSN 2077-1312; e-ISSN 2077-1312","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","ISSN":"2077-1312","AbbrevSer":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":650,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Gruwez","Firstname":"Vincent","Initials":"V.","Affiliation":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":250652,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"AWW","InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen en Architectuur; Vakgroep Civiele Techniek; Afdeling Weg- en Waterbouw","ORCID":"0000-0003-0068-7896","PersID":25754,"InsID":100},{"AutName":"Altomare","Firstname":"Corrado","Initials":"C.","Affiliation":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":343687,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen; Vakgroep Civiele Techniek","ORCID":"0000-0001-8817-0431","PersID":26538,"InsID":4806},{"AutName":"Suzuki","Firstname":"Tomohiro","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":"Flanders Hydraulics Research","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":145431,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"WL","InsFSN":"Vlaamse overheid; Beleidsdomein Mobiliteit en Openbare Werken; Vlaams Ministerie Mobiliteit en Openbare Werken; Departement Mobiliteit en Openbare Werken; Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","ORCID":"0000-0002-6008-4440","PersID":25819,"InsID":116},{"AutName":"Streicher","Firstname":"Maximilian","Initials":"M.","Affiliation":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":320271,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"AWW","InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen en Architectuur; Vakgroep Civiele Techniek; Afdeling Weg- en Waterbouw","ORCID":"0000-0002-6695-4347","PersID":31762,"InsID":100},{"AutName":"Cappietti","Firstname":"Lorenzo","Initials":"L.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":397220,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Kortenhaus","Firstname":"Andreas","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":221932,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen; Vakgroep Civiele Techniek","ORCID":null,"PersID":14203,"InsID":4806},{"AutName":"Troch","Firstname":"Peter","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":323660,"AutID":142694,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen; Vakgroep Civiele Techniek","ORCID":"0000-0003-3274-0874","PersID":2534,"InsID":4806}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":323660,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":360790,"LibID":36,"BRefID":330053,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"360790","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null},{"BInstID":352288,"LibID":2706,"BRefID":330053,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"352288","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Open Archive Documents","Acronym":"WL","Library":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","DutchTerm":"Open Archief","URL":null,"ClassifID":223,"Classification":"Open Repository","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":2,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_OWA","DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":116,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":null,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":221,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"MDPI","City":"Basel"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"},{"Collection":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","ShortName":"WL"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"1020":{"SpName":"FRIS (WL)","SpColID":1020,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"FRIS (WL)","URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/FRIS (WL)"},"994":{"SpName":"Kustbescherming","SpColID":994,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":null,"URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/Kustbescherming"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"},"462":{"SpName":"OpenDocs:OWA","SpColID":462,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"OWA","URLLocation":"https://documentatiecentrum.watlab.be/owa/imis.php?module=ref&refid=","LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/OWA"},"130":{"SpName":"Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium","SpColID":130,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WL","URLLocation":null,"LibID":2706,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":1,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL"},"1025":{"SpName":"WL expert","SpColID":1025,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WL expert","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL expert"},"360":{"SpName":"WL Staf Publicaties","SpColID":360,"ParSpColID":130,"TopParID":130,"ShortName":"wl stafpublicaties","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WL/wl stafpublicaties"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":323660,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":323660,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090650","externalID":"10.3390/jmse8090650","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":86583,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Cerpentier, Steven, S.","newSesDate":{"date":"2020-10-09 08:32:20.890000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-05-17 15:18:55.150000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}