{"refrec":{"BRefID":331185,"RR":"<b>Muricy, G.; Bezac, C.; Gallissian, M.F.; Boury-Esnault, N.</b> (1999). Anatomy, cytology and symbiotic bacteria of four Mediterranean species of Plakina Schulze, 1880 (Demospongiae, Homosclerophorida). <i>J. Nat. Hist. 33(2)</i>: 159-176. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002229399300353\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002229399300353</a>","BEntID":324796,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Nat. Hist. 33(2)</i>: 159-176. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002229399300353\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002229399300353</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Muricy, G.; Bezac, C.; Gallissian, M.F.; Boury-Esnault, N.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Muricy, G. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The internal anatomy, cytology and symbiotic bacteria of four Mediterranean species of the sponge genus <i>Plakina</i> Schulze, namely <i>P. trilopha</i> Schulze, <i>P. jani</i> Muricy <i>et al.,</i> <i>P. crypta</i> Muricy <i>et al.</i>, and <i>P. endoumensis</i> Muricy <i>et al.</i>, are investigated under light and transmission electron microscopy in a search for new, taxonomically useful characters. Anatomical traits such as ectosome thickness, ectosomal cavities, size of basal cavities, and mesohyl chambers ratio can be useful to distinguish groups of species within the genus, but give no clear indication of relationships of <i>Plakina</i> with other plakinid genera. The most useful cytological traits at the species level within Mediterranean <i>Plakina</i> are the presence/absence of vacuolar cells and of pseudopodia in pinacocytes, and the number of microvilli in choanocytes. There are no cells with inclusions in the mesohyl, and the simple cytology of <i>Plakina</i> agrees more closely with that of <i>Corticium candelabrum</i> Schmidt, <i>Oscarella lobularis</i> Schmidt and <i>O. tuberculata</i> (Schmidt) than to that of other species of <i>Oscarella and Pseudocorticium jarrei</i> Boury-Esnault <i>et al.</i> A unique combination of symbiotic bacteria is associated with each species. The number and composition of bacterial types can be used to discriminate between species of <i>Plakina</i>, and the pattern of distribution of bacteria in the mesohyl may help to characterize the genus <i>Plakina</i> within the Plakinidae.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Anatomy, cytology and symbiotic bacteria of four Mediterranean species of Plakina Schulze, 1880 (Demospongiae, Homosclerophorida)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-22 01:32:14.168304","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Porifera; Homosclerophorida; Plakina; Cytology; Anatomy; Endosymbiotic; Bacteria; Western Mediterranean","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1999,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-11-18","DateCreate":"2020-11-18","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000078628400001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1080/002229399300353"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":331185,"PubliDate":1999,"Pagination":"159-176","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"33","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43088,"SerRR":"Journal of Natural History. 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