{"refrec":{"BRefID":332440,"RR":"<b>Karar, Y.F.M.; Blend, C.K.; Mohamadain, H.S.; Khalifa, R.M.A.; Dronen, N.O.</b> (2020). Unusual opecoelids from Red Sea triggerfishes with special reference to characteristic concepts of the Opistholebetinae Fukui, 1929 (Digenea: Opecoelidae). <i>Zootaxa 4834(1)</i>: 1-32. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1</a>","BEntID":326052,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Zootaxa 4834(1)</i>: 1-32. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Karar, Y.F.M.; Blend, C.K.; Mohamadain, H.S.; Khalifa, R.M.A.; Dronen, N.O.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Karar, Y.F.M. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Three digeneans belonging to the Opecoelidae are reported and described from triggerfishes (Tetraodontiformes: Balistidae) collected in the northern Red Sea off Egypt. Both <em>Macvicaria longicirrata</em> (Manter, 1963) Aken-Ova, Cribb &amp; Bray, 2008 and<em> Neopycnadena tendu </em>(Bray &amp; Justine, 2007) <strong>n. comb.</strong> were recovered from the intestine of the titan triggerfish, <em>Balistoides viridescens</em> (Bloch &amp; Schneider)—each represents a new host record—and<em> Gaevskajatrema</em> <em>balistes </em><strong>n. sp.</strong> was found parasitizing the lower intestine of the Picasso triggerfish, <em>Rhinecanthus assasi</em> (Forsskål). We continue to support synonymy of <em>Gaevskajatrema ponticum</em> (Koval, 1966) Machkevsky, 1990 with <em>Gaevskajatrema perezi </em>(Mathias, 1926) Gibson &amp; Bray, 1982, not as a differentiated species. We adopt the restricted posterior extension of the ceca and vitellarium to the testicular zone, without extension of either into the post-testicular space, as diagnostic in distinguishing <em>Gaevskajatrema</em>.<em> Gaevskajatrema</em> <em>balistes</em> <strong>n. sp.</strong> differs from <em>G. perezi</em> based on its substantially smaller body size with fewer eggs, a longer cirrus-pouch reaching ovarian level and it parasitizes a distinct host group from a structurally and ecologically different ecosystem. <em>Neopycnadena </em><strong>n. gen.</strong> is erected for <em>Pseudopycnadena tendu </em>Bray &amp; Justine 2007 based on its possessing a large broadly oval cirrus-pouch with a massive field of prostatic cells occupying the entire volume of the cirrus-pouch, a wide, cup-shaped and thick-walled ejaculatory duct, distinct dorsal position of the excretory pore, the bifurcal dextral position of the genital pore, its report from a distinct host group and distant locality and its phylogenetic uniqueness compared with <em>Pseudopycnadena fischthali </em>Saad-Fares &amp; Maillard 1986<em>. Neopycnadena</em> <strong>n. gen.</strong> is ecologically similar to opistholebetines in their life-cycles and morphology; however, phylogenetically separate from opistholebetines as well as from the Polypipapiliotrematinae Martin, Cutmore &amp; Cribb in Martin, Sasal, Cutmore, Ward, Aeby &amp; Cribb, 2018 and members of Clade [C] of Martin and colleagues, thus we conclude that <em>Neopycnadena</em> <strong>n. gen.</strong> is unique. Neopycnadeninae <strong>n. subfam.</strong> is proposed to accommodate <em>Neopycnadena</em> <strong>n. gen.</strong> We consider that the probable characterization of tetraodontiform specialist taxa (as indicated by the presence of a muscular post-oral ring) and the specificity of the Opistholebetinae Fukui, 1929 <em>sensu stricto</em> with a tetraodontiform host are no longer reliable characters differentiating <em>Gaevskajatrema</em> and <em>Macvicaria</em> Gibson &amp; Bray, 1982. The nature of the post-oral structure is discussed and it is adopted to be a diagnostic feature at the generic level among taxa of the Opistholebetinae <em>sensu latu</em>. It is concluded that the expanded concept of the Opistholebetinae is more supported than the restricted one, <em>Birendralebes</em> Srivastava &amp; Ghosh, 1972 remains <em>incertae sedis</em> within the Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925 rather than in the Opistholebetinae, and we provide a generic key to the Opistholebetinae.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Unusual opecoelids from Red Sea triggerfishes with special reference to characteristic concepts of the Opistholebetinae Fukui, 1929 (Digenea: Opecoelidae)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Balistidae, Balistoides viridescens, Birendralebes, Egypt, Gaevskajatrema, Gaevskajatrema balistes n. sp., Gaevskajatrema perezi, Gaevskajatrema ponticum, key, Macvicaria, Macvicaria longicirrata, Neopycnadena n. gen., Neopycnadena tendu n. comb., Neopycnadeninae n. subfam., Opecoelidae, Opistholebetinae, Picasso triggerfish, Pseudopycnadena, Pseudopycnadena tendu, Red Sea, Rhinecanthus assasi, titan triggerfish","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-01-08","DateCreate":"2021-01-08","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000575207500001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":332440,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"1-32","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"4834","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":57347,"SerRR":"Zootaxa. Magnolia Press: Auckland.  ISSN 1175-5326; e-ISSN 1175-5334","StandardTitleSer":"Zootaxa","ISSN":"1175-5326","AbbrevSer":"Zootaxa","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":1,"Pages":32,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Karar","Firstname":"Yasser","Initials":"Y.F.M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":326052,"AutID":434210,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Blend","Firstname":"Charles","Initials":"C.K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":326052,"AutID":265219,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Mohamadain","Firstname":"Hoda","Initials":"H.S.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":326052,"AutID":434212,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Khalifa","Firstname":"Refaat","Initials":"R.M.A.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":326052,"AutID":359116,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Dronen","Firstname":"Norman","Initials":"N.O.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":326052,"AutID":265220,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":356988,"LibID":36,"BRefID":332440,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":null,"ShelfLocCode":"356988","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"Interne VLIZ documenten","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Non-open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":228,"Classification":"Non-open access","ReqLink":1,"ClassifTypID":3,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":1,"InternalReq":1,"LoggedInReq":1,"Disclaimer":"Disclaimer_VLIZ_Intern","DutchDisclaimer":"<p>Deze publicatie is enkel beschikbaar voor persoonlijk gebruik binnen de Innovocean site <br />en mag op geen enkele manier verder worden verspreid.</p>","FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Magnolia Press","City":"Auckland"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Balistidae"},{"TaxTerm":"Balistoides viridescens"},{"TaxTerm":"Birendralebes"},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema"},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema balistes"},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema perezi"},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema ponticum"},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria"},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria longicirrata"},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena"},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena tendu"},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadeninae"},{"TaxTerm":"Opecoelidae"},{"TaxTerm":"Opistholebetinae"},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena"},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena tendu"},{"TaxTerm":"Rhinecanthus assasi"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","ShortName":"VLIZ ackn"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"941":{"SpName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","SpColID":941,"ParSpColID":39,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"LifeWatch Species Information Backbone","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone"},"39":{"SpName":"VLIZ Acknowledged Publications","SpColID":39,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"VLIZ ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn"},"507":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species","SpColID":507,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"WoRMS website","URLLocation":null,"LibID":null,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"WoRMS website"},"915":{"SpName":"World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) acknowledged","SpColID":915,"ParSpColID":941,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn"},"947":{"SpName":"WoRMS ackn - direct reference","SpColID":947,"ParSpColID":915,"TopParID":39,"ShortName":"WoRMS ackn - direct","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":39,"SpColPath":"VLIZ ackn/LifeWatch Species Information Backbone/WoRMS ackn/WoRMS ackn - direct"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":326052,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":326052,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1","externalID":"10.11646/zootaxa.4834.1.1","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":89031,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":[{"TaxTerm":"Balistidae [Triggerfishes]","AphiaID":125607,"TaxtID":21963},{"TaxTerm":"Balistoides viridescens","AphiaID":219875,"TaxtID":48569},{"TaxTerm":"Birendralebes","AphiaID":1305558,"TaxtID":50314},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema","AphiaID":108526,"TaxtID":48570},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema balistes","AphiaID":1455124,"TaxtID":48571},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema perezi","AphiaID":108872,"TaxtID":48572},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema ponticum","AphiaID":108872,"TaxtID":48573},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria","AphiaID":108529,"TaxtID":48574},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria longicirrata","AphiaID":724397,"TaxtID":48575},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena","AphiaID":1455125,"TaxtID":48576},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena tendu","AphiaID":1455126,"TaxtID":48577},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadeninae","AphiaID":1455132,"TaxtID":48578},{"TaxTerm":"Opecoelidae","AphiaID":108432,"TaxtID":43218},{"TaxTerm":"Opistholebetinae","AphiaID":411236,"TaxtID":48579},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena","AphiaID":108543,"TaxtID":48580},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena tendu","AphiaID":1455126,"TaxtID":48581},{"TaxTerm":"Rhinecanthus assasi","AphiaID":219887,"TaxtID":46892}],"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":[{"TaxTerm":"Balistidae","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":125607,"TaxtID":21963},{"TaxTerm":"Balistoides viridescens","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":219875,"TaxtID":48569},{"TaxTerm":"Birendralebes","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1305558,"TaxtID":50314},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108526,"TaxtID":48570},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema balistes","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1455124,"TaxtID":48571},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema perezi","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108872,"TaxtID":48572},{"TaxTerm":"Gaevskajatrema ponticum","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108872,"TaxtID":48573},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108529,"TaxtID":48574},{"TaxTerm":"Macvicaria longicirrata","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":724397,"TaxtID":48575},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1455125,"TaxtID":48576},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadena tendu","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1455126,"TaxtID":48577},{"TaxTerm":"Neopycnadeninae","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1455132,"TaxtID":48578},{"TaxTerm":"Opecoelidae","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108432,"TaxtID":43218},{"TaxTerm":"Opistholebetinae","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":411236,"TaxtID":48579},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":108543,"TaxtID":48580},{"TaxTerm":"Pseudopycnadena tendu","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":1455126,"TaxtID":48581},{"TaxTerm":"Rhinecanthus assasi","DutchTerm":null,"AphiaID":219887,"TaxtID":46892}],"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","newSesDate":{"date":"2021-01-08 07:34:04.850000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-01-08 07:34:04.850000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}