{"refrec":{"BRefID":332685,"RR":"<b>Van Damme, I.; Šoba, B.; Vangeenberghe, S.; Serradell, A.; Lumain, J.P.L.; De Sterck, T.; Lalle, M.; Gabriël, S.</b> (2021). High occurrence of Anisakidae at retail level in cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) belly flaps and the impact of extensive candling. <i>Food and Waterborne Parasitology 22</i>: e00108. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00108\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00108</a>","BEntID":326297,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Food and Waterborne Parasitology 22</i>: e00108. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00108\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00108</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":1,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Van Damme, I.; Šoba, B.; Vangeenberghe, S.; Serradell, A.; Lumain, J.P.L.; De Sterck, T.; Lalle, M.; Gabriël, S.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Van Damme, I. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The presence of Anisakidae at retail level, after the routine screening via candling, was investigated in cod, the most commonly consumed fish species in Belgium. A total of 780 pre-packed belly flap samples destined for one branch of retail shops were collected from a Belgian wholesale company. To recover all larvae, each sample was first candled and thereafter enzymatically digested. Larvae were morphologically identified to the genus level and a subset was additionally molecularly confirmed by amplification of the ITS fragment and <em>Hin</em>fI/<em>Hha</em>I enzyme restriction. The PCR/RFLP profiles of <em>Contracaecum</em> spp. were determined and confirmed with sequencing by the European Reference Laboratory for Parasites (Istituto Superiore di Sanità). The positivity rate of Anisakidae in the individual cod samples was 18% [95%-CI: 15–21%], with a mean intensity of one larva [range: 1–6]. Belly flaps were sold packed primarily by two, with a one-in-three chance of buying an infected package. <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. infections (single infections) were most frequently detected (positivity rate 9% [95%-CI: 7–11]), closely followed by <em>Anisakis</em> spp. (7% [95%-CI: 6–9]). Co-infections of <em>Pseudoterranova</em> spp. and <em>Anisakis</em> spp. comprised 8% of the infections, with a positivity rate of 1% [95%-CI: 1–3%]. All belly flaps reportedly were candled prior to our sampling, nonetheless our results indicated that an additional candling screening before packaging would identify an extra third of the infections and larvae. In 19 of the 139 infected samples, all larvae were recovered by the additional candling, thereby removing the infection risk for consumers. In conclusion, this study shows that cod belly flaps infected with zoonotic parasites reach the Belgian consumer. Although a second candling step at retail level could be helpful in reducing the consumer risk, additional measures are needed since 66% of infections would still remain undetected.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"High occurrence of Anisakidae at retail level in cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) belly flaps and the impact of extensive candling","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Anisakis; Pseudoterranova; Anisakids: Belgium; Retail; Enzymatic digestion; Candling; Cod","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-05-03","DateCreate":"2021-01-15","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000672874000004","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00108"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":332685,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"e00108","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"22","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":332684,"SerRR":"Food and Waterborne Parasitology. 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