{"refrec":{"BRefID":335921,"RR":"<b>Hauck, J.; Köhler, P.; Wolf-Gladrow, D.; Völker, C.</b> (2016). Iron fertilisation and century-scale effects of open ocean dissolution of olivine in a simulated CO<sub>2</sub> removal experiment. <i>Environ. Res. Lett. 11(2)</i>: 024007. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024007\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024007</a>","BEntID":332543,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Environ. Res. Lett. 11(2)</i>: 024007. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024007\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024007</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Hauck, J.; Köhler, P.; Wolf-Gladrow, D.; Völker, C.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Hauck, J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches are efforts to reduce the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. Here we use a marine carbon cycle model to investigate the effects of one CDR technique: the open ocean dissolution of the iron-containing mineral olivine. We analyse the maximum CDR potential of an annual dissolution of 3 Pg olivine during the 21st century and focus on the role of the micro-nutrient iron for the biological carbon pump. Distributing the products of olivine dissolution (bicarbonate, silicic acid, iron) uniformly in the global surface ocean has a maximum CDR potential of 0.57 gC/g-olivine mainly due to the alkalinisation of the ocean, with a significant contribution from the fertilisation of phytoplankton with silicic acid and iron. The part of the CDR caused by ocean fertilisation is not permanent, while the CO<sub>2</sub> sequestered by alkalinisation would be stored in the ocean as long as alkalinity is not removed from the system. For high CO<sub>2</sub> emission scenarios the CDR potential due to the alkalinity input becomes more efficient over time with increasing ocean acidification. The alkalinity-induced CDR potential scales linearly with the amount of olivine, while the iron-induced CDR saturates at 113 PgC per century (on average <img alt=\"$\\sim 1.1\\;$\" src=\"https://cfn-live-content-bucket-iop-org.s3.amazonaws.com/journals/1748-9326/11/2/024007/1/erlaa13c7ieqn1.gif?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAYDKQL6LTV7YY2HIK&Expires=1617789566&Signature=dgcweVOFCuvf7o9KG0cOLO2ymGg%3D\"> PgC yr<sup>−1</sup>) for an iron input rate of 2.3 Tg Fe yr<sup>−1</sup> (1% of the iron contained in 3 Pg olivine). The additional iron-related CO<sub>2</sub> uptake occurs in the Southern Ocean and in the iron-limited regions of the Pacific. Effects of this approach on surface ocean pH are small (<0.01).","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Iron fertilisation and century-scale effects of open ocean dissolution of olivine in a simulated CO<sub>2</sub> removal experiment","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-05-30 01:31:53.575950","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"geoengineering, carbon dioxide removal, enhanced weathering, biological carbon pump, iron fertilisation, ocean alkalinisation","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2016,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-03-31","DateCreate":"2021-03-31","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000371488300009","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1088/1748-9326/11/2/024007"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":335921,"PubliDate":2016,"Pagination":"024007","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"11","Issue":"2","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":204699,"SerRR":"Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing: Bristol.  ISSN 1748-9326; e-ISSN 1748-9326","StandardTitleSer":"Environmental Research Letters","ISSN":"1748-9326","AbbrevSer":"Environ. Res. 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