{"refrec":{"BRefID":336318,"RR":"<b>Qiu, D.; Cui, B.; Ma, X.; Yan, J.; Cai, Y.; Xie, T.; Gao, F.; Wang, F.; Sui, H.; Bai, J.; van de Koppel, J.; Olff, H.</b> (2021). Reciprocal facilitation between annual plants and burrowing crabs: Implications for the restoration of degraded saltmarshes. <i>J. Ecol. 109(4)</i>: 1828-1841. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13608\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13608</a>","BEntID":332940,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Ecol. 109(4)</i>: 1828-1841. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13608\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13608</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Qiu, D.; Cui, B.; Ma, X.; Yan, J.; Cai, Y.; Xie, T.; Gao, F.; Wang, F.; Sui, H.; Bai, J.; van de Koppel, J.; Olff, H.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Qiu, D. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"<ol start=\"1\" type=\"1\">    <li>        Increasing evidence shows that facilitative interactions between        species play an essential role in coastal wetland ecosystems. However,        there is a lack of understanding of how such interactions can be used        for restoration purposes in saltmarsh ecosystems. We therefore studied        the mechanisms of reciprocal facilitative interactions between nativeannual plants, <em>Suaeda salsa</em>, and burrowing crabs,        <em>Helice tientsinensis</em>, in a middle‐elevation saltmarsh (with        generally high plant density and moderate tides) in the Yellow River        Delta of China.    </li>    <li>        We investigated the relationship between the densities of the plants        and crab burrows in different seasons. Then, we tested whether and how        saltmarsh plants and crabs indeed facilitate each other in a series of        field and laboratory experiments. Finally, we applied the results by        creating a field‐scale artificial approach for microtopographic        modification to restore a degraded saltmarsh.    </li>    <li>        We found that the density of plant seedlings in spring was positively        correlated with the density of crab burrows in the previous autumn;        moreover, the density of crab burrows was correlated with the density        of plants in summer. The concave–convex surface microtopography created        by crabs promoted seed retention and seedling establishment of        saltmarsh plants in winter and spring. These plants in turn facilitated        crabs by inhibiting predators, providing food and reducing physical        stresses for crabs in summer and autumn. The experimental removal of        saltmarsh plants decreased crab burrow density, while both        transplanting and simulating plants in bare patches promoted crabs. The        microtopographic modification, inspired by our new understanding of the        interactions between saltmarsh plants and crabs, showed that these        degraded saltmarsh ecosystems can be restored by a single ploughing        intervention.    </li>    <li>        <em>Synthesis</em>        . Our results suggest a reciprocal facilitation between annual plants        and burrowing crabs in a middle‐elevation saltmarsh ecosystem. This        knowledge yielded new restoration options for degraded coastal        saltmarshes through the one‐time ploughing initiation of        microtopographic variation, which could promote the re‐establishment of        ecosystem engineers and lead to the efficient recovery of pioneer        coastal vegetation and associated fauna.    </li></ol>","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Reciprocal facilitation between annual plants and burrowing crabs: Implications for the restoration of degraded saltmarshes","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-19 01:32:10.282878","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"ecosystem engineers; facilitative interaction; geomorphic perturbation; <i>Helice tientsinensis</i>; restoration; saltmarsh; <i>Suaeda salsa</i>","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2022-02-08","DateCreate":"2021-04-12","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000621957200001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1111/1365-2745.13608"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":336318,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"1828-1841","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"109","Issue":"4","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43042,"SerRR":"Journal of Ecology. 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