{"refrec":{"BRefID":336568,"RR":"<b>Oschlies, A.; Koeve, W.; Rickels, W.; Rehdanz, K.</b> (2010). Side effects and accounting aspects of hypothetical large-scale Southern Ocean iron fertilization. <i>Biogeosciences 7(12)</i>: 4017-4035. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010</a>","BEntID":333190,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Biogeosciences 7(12)</i>: 4017-4035. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Oschlies, A.; Koeve, W.; Rickels, W.; Rehdanz, K.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Oschlies, A. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Recent suggestions to slow down the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide have included ocean fertilization by addition of the micronutrient iron to Southern Ocean surface waters, where a number of natural and artificial iron fertilization experiments have shown that low ambient iron concentrations limit phytoplankton growth. Using a coupled carbon-climate model with the marine biology's response to iron addition calibrated against data from natural iron fertilization experiments, we examine biogeochemical side effects of a hypothetical large-scale Southern Ocean Iron Fertilization (OIF) that need to be considered when attempting to account for possible OIF-induced carbon offsets. In agreement with earlier studies our model simulates an OIF-induced increase in local air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes by about 73 GtC over a 100-year period, which amounts to about 48% of the OIF-induced increase in organic carbon export out of the fertilized area. Offsetting CO<sub>2</sub> return fluxes outside the region and after stopping the fertilization at 1, 7, 10, 50, and 100 years are quantified for a typical accounting period of 100 years. For continuous Southern Ocean iron fertilization, the CO<sub>2</sub> return flux outside the fertilized area cancels about 20% of the fertilization-induced CO<sub>2</sub> air-sea flux within the fertilized area on a 100-yr timescale. This \"leakage\" effect has a radiative impact more than twice as large as the simulated enhancement of marine N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. Other side effects not yet discussed in terms of accounting schemes include a decrease in Southern Ocean oxygen levels and a simultaneous shrinking of tropical suboxic areas, and accelerated ocean acidification in the entire water column in the Southern Ocean at the expense of reduced globally-averaged surface-water acidification. A prudent approach to account for the OIF-induced carbon sequestration would account for global air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes rather than for local fluxes into the fertilized area only. However, according to our model, this would underestimate the potential for offsetting CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by about 20% on a 100 year accounting timescale. We suggest that a fair accounting scheme applicable to both terrestrial and marine carbon sequestration has to be based on emission offsets rather than on changes in individual carbon pools.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Side effects and accounting aspects of hypothetical large-scale Southern Ocean iron fertilization","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2010,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-04-19","DateCreate":"2021-04-19","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000285574100008","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":336568,"PubliDate":2010,"Pagination":"4017-4035","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"7","Issue":"12","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":68092,"SerRR":"<b>Gattuso, J.P.; Kesselmeier, J. (Ed.)</b> Biogeosciences. Copernicus Publications: Göttingen.  ISSN 1726-4170; e-ISSN 1726-4189","StandardTitleSer":"Biogeosciences","ISSN":"1726-4170","AbbrevSer":"Biogeosciences","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":4017,"Pages":19,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Oschlies","Firstname":"Andreas","Initials":"A.","Affiliation":"GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":333190,"AutID":301171,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Koeve","Firstname":"Wolfgang","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":"Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany.","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":333190,"AutID":307289,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Rickels","Firstname":"Wilfried","Initials":"W.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":333190,"AutID":186750,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Rehdanz","Firstname":"Katrin","Initials":"K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":333190,"AutID":359874,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":360523,"LibID":36,"BRefID":336568,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"360523","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Copernicus Publications","City":"Göttingen"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"1018":{"SpName":"BIN klimaatmitigatiepotentieel oceaan","SpColID":1018,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BIN klimaatmitigatiepotentieel oceaan","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BIN klimaatmitigatiepotentieel oceaan"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":333190,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":333190,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010","externalID":"10.5194/bg-7-4017-2010","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":92460,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2021-04-19 13:52:13.983000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-04-19 13:52:13.983000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}