{"refrec":{"BRefID":337215,"RR":"<b>Verkuil, Y.I.; Jukema, J.; Tomkovich, P.S.; Rönkä, N.; Hooijmeijer, C.E.W.; Piersma, T.</b> (2021). Striking rusty-brown neck collars in Ruffs: plumage polymorphism or staining? <i>Wader Study 128(1)</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00223\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00223</a>","BEntID":333837,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":" <i>Wader Study 128(1)</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00223\" target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.18194/ws.00223</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Verkuil, Y.I.; Jukema, J.; Tomkovich, P.S.; Rönkä, N.; Hooijmeijer, C.E.W.; Piersma, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Verkuil, Y.I. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Among Ruffs <i>Calidris pugnax</i> migrating through the province of    Friesland in The Netherlands in spring, some individuals have a remarkably    plover-like, rusty-brown neck collar. In this paper we explore the    frequency of occurrence of this neck collar in 2,395 Ruffs in which the    presence or absence was scored in year-round catches in Friesland between    2006 and 2019. Additionally, 49 nesting reeves in northern Finland and 73    skins of females (mostly in breeding plumage) in the Moscow Zoological    Museum were checked for neck collars. The rusty-brown neck collar was found    in 395 Ruffs migrating through The Netherlands in spring. Among birds of    known sex, age and morph (n = 2,098), the collar occurred in 14% of    females, in 3.5% of faeders, and in 40% of satellite and 20% of independent    males. However, among males, the rate dropped to zero by late April after    the start of moult of the ruff and tuft feathers, and the occurrence was    lower among second-calendar-year males (11%); no age effect was detected    among females. Rusty-brown neck collars were rare among breeding females,    with no cases in Finland, one possible case in the museum collection and    one other case observed in Medusa Bay, north-central Siberia, Russia. The    collar was also rare (0.4%) in non-breeding Ruffs caught in The Netherlands    between June and February. The likely cause of the neck collar is staining    by ferric oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) or ferrous oxide (FeO) as    collar feathers tested positive for iron, while regular brown feathers    tested negative. The presence in spring, but not after moult into the    supplemental plumage or later, suggests that the birds acquire the    iron-based collar in the wintering areas in West Africa or at stopover    sites during northward migration.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Striking rusty-brown neck collars in Ruffs: plumage polymorphism or staining?","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-09-15","DateCreate":"2021-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.18194/ws.00223"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":337215,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":null,"XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"128","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":279993,"SerRR":"Wader Study. 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