{"refrec":{"BRefID":337738,"RR":"<b>Vandecrux, B.; Fausto, R.S.; van As, D.; Colgan, W.; Langen, P.L.; Haubner, K.; Ingeman-Nielsen, T.; Heilig, A.; Stevens, C.M.; MacFerrin, M.; Niwano, M.; Steffen, K.; Box, J.E.</b> (2020). Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017. <i>J. Glaciol. 66(258)</i>: 591-602. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1017/jog.2020.30\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1017/jog.2020.30</a>","BEntID":334362,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Glaciol. 66(258)</i>: 591-602. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1017/jog.2020.30\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1017/jog.2020.30</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Vandecrux, B.; Fausto, R.S.; van As, D.; Colgan, W.; Langen, P.L.; Haubner, K.; Ingeman-Nielsen, T.; Heilig, A.; Stevens, C.M.; MacFerrin, M.; Niwano, M.; Steffen, K.; Box, J.E.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Vandecrux, B. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Current sea-level rise partly stems from increased surface melting and meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet. Multi-year snow, also known as firn, covers about 80% of the ice sheet and retains part of the surface meltwater. Since the firn cold content integrates its physical and thermal characteristics, it is a valuable tool for determining the meltwater-retention potential of firn. We use gap-filled climatological data from nine automatic weather stations in the ice-sheet accumulation area to drive a surface-energy-budget and firn model, validated against firn density and temperature observations, over the 1998–2017 period. Our results show a stable top 20 m firn cold content (CC<span class=\"sub\">20</span>) at most sites. Only at the lower-elevation Dye-2 site did CC<span class=\"sub\">20</span> decrease, by 24% in 2012, before recovering to its original value by 2017. Heat conduction towards the surface is the main process feeding CC<span class=\"sub\">20</span> at all nine sites, while CC<span class=\"sub\">20</span> reduction occurs through low-cold-content fresh-snow addition at the surface during snowfall and latent-heat release when meltwater refreezes. Our simulations suggest that firn densification, while reducing pore space for meltwater retention, increases the firn cold content, enhances near-surface meltwater refreezing and potentially sets favourable conditions for ice-slab formation.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Firn cold content evolution at nine sites on the Greenland ice sheet between 1998 and 2017","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-21 01:33:00.535809","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Greenland ice sheet; Accumulation area; Surface energy balance; Polarfirn; Surface melt; Meltwater retention; Surface mass balance; Snow and firn processes","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-05-26","DateCreate":"2021-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000562453600007","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"Handle":"10.1017/jog.2020.30"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":337738,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"591-602","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"66","Issue":"258","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":219460,"SerRR":"Journal of Glaciology. 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