{"refrec":{"BRefID":337798,"RR":"<b>Kumar, V.; Wille, M.; Lourenço, T.M.; Bossier, P.</b> (2020). Biofloc-based enhanced survival of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> upon AHPND-causing <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> challenge is partially mediated by reduced expression of its virulence genes. <i>Front. Microbiol. 11</i>: 1270. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270</a>","BEntID":334422,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Front. Microbiol. 11</i>: 1270. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Kumar, V.; Wille, M.; Lourenço, T.M.; Bossier, P.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Kumar, V. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The biofloc system is a relatively new aquaculture technology that offers practical solution to maintain culture water quality by recycling nutrients and improves the health status and resistance of shrimps against microbial infection, yet the mode of action involved remains unclear. This study aimed to unravel the underlying mechanism behind the protective effect of a biofloc system using <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)-causing <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> M0904 strain as a host-pathogen model. The results showed that a biofloc system maintained at a C/N ratio of 15, improves the water quality and contributes to the nutrition of cultured animals as bioflocs might serve as an additional protein source. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the biofloc system enhances the survival of <i>L. vannamei</i> upon challenge with a <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> AHPND strain. Remarkably, the results highlight that in the biofloc system, AHPND-causing <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> possibly switch from free-living virulent planktonic phenotype to a non-virulent biofilm phenotype, as demonstrated by a decreased transcription of flagella-related motility genes (<i>flaA</i>, <i>CheR</i>, and <i>fliS</i>), Pir toxin (<i>PirB</i><sup><i>VP</i></sup>), and AHPND plasmid genes (<i>ORF14</i>) and increased expression of the phenotype switching marker <i>AlkPhoX</i> gene in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> conditions. Taken together, results suggest that biofloc steer phenotype switching, contributing to the decreased virulence of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> AHPND strain toward shrimp postlarvae. This information reinforces our understanding about AHPND in a biofloc setting and opens the possibility to combat AHPND not only by trying to eliminate the AHPND-causing <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> from the system but rather to steer the phenotypic switch.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Biofloc-based enhanced survival of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> upon AHPND-causing <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> challenge is partially mediated by reduced expression of its virulence genes","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:32:44.000137","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-05-30","DateCreate":"2021-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000549099200001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"Handle":"10.3389/fmicb.2020.01270"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":337798,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"1270","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"11","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":234940,"SerRR":"Frontiers in Microbiology. 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