{"refrec":{"BRefID":337829,"RR":"<b>Terhaar, J.; Tanhua, T.; Stöven, T.; Orr, J.C.; Bopp, L.</b> (2020). Evaluation of data-based estimates of anthropogenic carbon in the Arctic Ocean. <i>JGR: Oceans 125(6)</i>: e2020JC016124. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1029/2020JC016124\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1029/2020JC016124</a>","BEntID":334453,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>JGR: Oceans 125(6)</i>: e2020JC016124. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1029/2020JC016124\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1029/2020JC016124</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Terhaar, J.; Tanhua, T.; Stöven, T.; Orr, J.C.; Bopp, L.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Terhaar, J. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, a process that is mainly driven by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon (C<sub>ant</sub>) from the atmosphere. Although C<sub>ant</sub> concentrations cannot be measured directly in the ocean, they have been estimated using data-based methods such as the transient time distribution (TTD) approach, which characterizes the ventilation of water masses with inert transient tracers, such as CFC-12. Here, we evaluate the TTD approach in the Arctic Ocean using an eddying ocean model as a test bed. When the TTD approach is applied to simulated CFC-12 in that model, it underestimates the same model's directly simulated C<sub>ant</sub> concentrations by up to 12%, a bias that stems from its idealized assumption of gas equilibrium between atmosphere and surface water, both for CFC-12 and anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. Unlike the idealized assumption, the simulated partial pressure of CFC-12 (<i>p</i>CFC-12) in Arctic surface waters is undersaturated relative to that in the atmosphere in regions and times of deep-water formation, while the simulated equivalent for C<sub>ant</sub> is supersaturated. After accounting for the TTD approach's negative bias, the total amount of C<sub>ant</sub> in the Arctic Ocean in 2005 increases by 8% to 3.3 ± 0.3&nbsp;Pg&nbsp;C. By combining the adjusted TTD approach with scenarios of future atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, it is estimated that all Arctic waters, from surface to depth, would become corrosive to aragonite by the middle of the next century even if atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> could be stabilized at 540 ppm.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Evaluation of data-based estimates of anthropogenic carbon in the Arctic Ocean","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:36.103641","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Arctic Ocean; Anthropogenic carbon; Ocean acidification; Transient Time Distribution; CFC-12","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2020,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-05-27","DateCreate":"2021-05-17","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000549832900011","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"Handle":"10.1029/2020JC016124"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":337829,"PubliDate":2020,"Pagination":"e2020JC016124","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"125","Issue":"6","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":272092,"SerRR":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. 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ISSN 2169-9275; e-ISSN 2169-9291","StandardTitleSer":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","ISSN":"2169-9275","AbbrevSer":"JGR: Oceans","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":13,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Terhaar","Firstname":"Jens","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334453,"AutID":419401,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0001-9377-415X","PersID":36678,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Tanhua","Firstname":null,"Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334453,"AutID":450837,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Stöven","Firstname":null,"Initials":"T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334453,"AutID":450838,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Orr","Firstname":null,"Initials":"J.C.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334453,"AutID":139826,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Bopp","Firstname":null,"Initials":"L.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334453,"AutID":199021,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":361619,"LibID":36,"BRefID":337829,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"361619","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION","City":"Washington"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","ShortName":"OMA"}],"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":{"222":{"SpName":"BMB - Belgische Mariene Bibliografie","SpColID":222,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"BMB","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":null,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"BMB"},"221":{"SpName":"OMA - Open Marien Archief","SpColID":221,"ParSpColID":null,"TopParID":null,"ShortName":"OMA","URLLocation":null,"LibID":36,"OpenRepoFlag":1,"SpTypID":null,"TopParIDNotWebsite":null,"SpColPath":"OMA"}},"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":334453,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":334453,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1029/2020JC016124","externalID":"10.1029/2020JC016124","URLTypeCode":"Handle","URLID":93490,"URLTypID":32,"URLType":"Handle","URLPrefix":"https://hdl.handle.net/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","newSesDate":{"date":"2021-05-17 17:11:52.947000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Bouchti, Zohra, Z.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-05-27 08:07:15.893000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}