{"refrec":{"BRefID":338358,"RR":"<b>Pezzi, L.P.; de Souza, R.B.; Santini, M.F.; Miller, A.J.; Carvalho, J.T.; Parise, C.K.; Quadro, M.F.; Rosa, E.B.; Justino, F.; Sutil, U.A.; Cabrera, M.J.; Babanin, A.V.; Voermans, J.; Nascimento, E.L.; Alves, R.C.M.; Munchow, G.B.; Rubert, J.</b> (2021). Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence. <i>NPG Scientific Reports 11(1)</i>: 10648. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9</a>. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9</a>","BEntID":334984,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>NPG Scientific Reports 11(1)</i>: 10648. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9</a>. <a href=\"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://hdl.handle.net/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Pezzi, L.P.; de Souza, R.B.; Santini, M.F.; Miller, A.J.; Carvalho, J.T.; Parise, C.K.; Quadro, M.F.; Rosa, E.B.; Justino, F.; Sutil, U.A.; Cabrera, M.J.; Babanin, A.V.; Voermans, J.; Nascimento, E.L.; Alves, R.C.M.; Munchow, G.B.; Rubert, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Pezzi, L.P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to directly measure the ocean–atmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluxes. The mechanisms of pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to absorb atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, and are thereby considered as sinks, due to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the ocean to locally act as a CO<sub>2</sub> source. The contribution to the atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m<sup>−2</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>, averaged over the sampling period. The CO<sub>2</sub> transfer velocity coefficient (<i>K</i>) was determined using a quadratic fit and showed an adequate representation of ocean–atmosphere fluxes. The ocean–atmosphere CO<sub>2</sub>, momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the ocean–atmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-10 01:32:36.681817","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-05-21","DateCreate":"2021-05-21","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000657522700022","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9","Handle":"10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":338358,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"10648","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"11","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":208093,"SerRR":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group). Nature Publishing Group: London.  ISSN 2045-2322; e-ISSN 2045-2322","StandardTitleSer":"Scientific Reports (Nature Publishing Group)","ISSN":"2045-2322","AbbrevSer":"NPG Scientific Reports","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":10648,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":null,"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Pezzi","Firstname":"Luciano Ponzi","Initials":"L.P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454715,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"de Souza","Firstname":"Ronald","Initials":"R.B.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":409553,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Santini","Firstname":"Marcelo","Initials":"M.F.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454735,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Miller","Firstname":"Arthur","Initials":"A.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":387910,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Carvalho","Firstname":"Jonas","Initials":"J.T.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454737,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Parise","Firstname":"Claudia","Initials":"C.K.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454738,"OrderNr":6,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Quadro","Firstname":"Mario","Initials":"M.F.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454739,"OrderNr":7,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Rosa","Firstname":"Eliana","Initials":"E.B.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454740,"OrderNr":8,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Justino","Firstname":"Flavio","Initials":"F.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454741,"OrderNr":9,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Sutil","Firstname":"Ueslei","Initials":"U.A.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454742,"OrderNr":10,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Cabrera","Firstname":"Mylene","Initials":"M.J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454743,"OrderNr":11,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Babanin","Firstname":"Alexander","Initials":"A.V.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454744,"OrderNr":12,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Voermans","Firstname":"Joey","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454745,"OrderNr":13,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Nascimento","Firstname":"Ernani","Initials":"E.L.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454746,"OrderNr":14,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Alves","Firstname":"Rita","Initials":"R.C.M.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454747,"OrderNr":15,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Munchow","Firstname":"Gabriel","Initials":"G.B.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454748,"OrderNr":16,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Rubert","Firstname":"Joel","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":334984,"AutID":454749,"OrderNr":17,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":361420,"LibID":36,"BRefID":338358,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"361420","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Nature Publishing Group","City":"London"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":null,"thestermsASFA":null,"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":null,"conf":null,"proj":null,"Physdatasets":null,"spcols":null,"doi":null,"publs":null,"serparttypes":null,"monauthors":null,"MParts":null,"SParts":null,"hLibs":null,"langs":[{"BEntID":334984,"AbstractFlag":0,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"},{"BEntID":334984,"AbstractFlag":1,"LangID":15,"LangCode":"en","Lang":"English","DutchTerm":"Engels","LangCodeExtended":"eng"}],"urls":[{"URL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9","externalID":"10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9","URLTypeCode":"DOI","URLID":111332,"URLTypID":13,"URLType":"DOI","URLPrefix":"http://dx.doi.org/"},{"URL":"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9","externalID":"10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9","URLTypeCode":"Handle","URLID":93992,"URLTypID":32,"URLType":"Handle","URLPrefix":"https://hdl.handle.net/"}],"thesterms":null,"taxterms":null,"geoterms":null,"othterms":null,"asfacodes":null,"asfa2codes":null,"thestermsFRIS":null,"taxtermsFRIS":null,"geotermsFRIS":null,"othtermsFRIS":null,"resmessage":"","complete":1,"sessions":{"newSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","newSesDate":{"date":"2021-05-21 07:47:56.410000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"},"updSesName":"Chisala, Chilekwa, C.","updSesDate":{"date":"2021-05-21 07:47:56.410000","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe/Brussels"}}}