{"refrec":{"BRefID":339345,"RR":"<b>Dämmer, L.K.; van Dijk, I.; de Nooijer, L.J.; van der Wagt, B.; Wilckens, F.K.; Zoetemelk, B.; Reichart, G.-J.</b> (2021). Temperature impact on magnesium isotope fractionation in cultured foraminifera. <i>Front. Earth Sci. 9</i>: 642256. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.642256\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.642256</a>","BEntID":335980,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Front. Earth Sci. 9</i>: 642256. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.642256\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.642256</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Dämmer, L.K.; van Dijk, I.; de Nooijer, L.J.; van der Wagt, B.; Wilckens, F.K.; Zoetemelk, B.; Reichart, G.-J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Dämmer, L.K. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Element incorporation in shell calcite precipitated by foraminifera    reflects the chemical and physical properties of the seawater the    foraminifera lived in and can therefore be used to reconstruct paleo    environmental conditions. One of the most prominent proxies for past    seawater temperature is Mg/Ca of foraminiferal calcite. Still, in addition    to seawater temperature, also biomineralization processes impact    foraminiferal Mg/Ca values. As the impact of biomineralization plays a    major role and is not necessarily constant, it is imperative to identify    the mechanism by which Mg is incorporated and thereby understand how    temperature influences Mg incorporation. Biomineralization is    discriminating against Mg to different degrees and hence investigating the    fractionation of Mg isotopes at different temperatures and for species with    contrasting calcification pathways can be used to better understand the    pathway of Mg during biomineralization. Overall, we observe that    foraminifera with higher Mg content have δ<sup>26</sup>Mg values closer to    those of seawater. Moreover, controlled temperature culture experiments    show that parallel to an increase in Mg/Ca, δ<sup>26</sup>Mg in the tests    of large benthic foraminifer <i>Amphistegina lessonii</i> decreases when    sea water temperatures increase. This negative correlation between shell    Mg/Ca and δ<sup>26</sup>Mg suggests a two-step control on the incorporation    of Mg during biomineralization. Using a simple model, we can explain both    trends as a result of a stable Mg pool, which is only little fractionated    with respect to sea water and a temperature dependent Mg pool which shows a    higher fractionation with respect to sea water during biomineralization.    The stable, not much fractionated pool is relatively large in high Mg    foraminifera, whereas for the low Mg foraminifera the transport of Mg over    a cell membrane probably results in the observed inverse correlation. Herewe present a model using the Mg isotope fractionation we established for    <i>A. lessonii</i> to explain the general trends for both high- and    low-Mg/Ca foraminifera. A process-based understanding remains crucial a    robust interpretation of foraminiferal Mg-isotopes.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Temperature impact on magnesium isotope fractionation in cultured foraminifera","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-07 01:31:46.806789","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"foraminifera; biomineralization; magnesium isotopes; Mg/Ca; paleothermometer","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2021,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2021-08-10","DateCreate":"2021-06-25","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000661538700001","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.3389/feart.2021.642256"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":339345,"PubliDate":2021,"Pagination":"642256","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"9","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":286286,"SerRR":"Frontiers in Earth Science. 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